2018年10月自学考试00830《现代语言学》试题.docx
2018年10月高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题课程代码：008301. Directions:Readeachofthefo11owingstatementscarefu11y.Decidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcomp1etesthestatementandb1ackenthecorresponding1etterA,B,CorI)ontheANSWERSHEET.(2%×10=20%)1.2.3.AccordingtoF.deSaussure,referstotheabstract1inguisticsystemsharedbya11membersofaspeechcommunity.D.paro1eD.openvowe1D.MotivationA.competenceB.performanceC.1angueTheEng1ishsoundu:isaA.c1osevowe1B.semi-c1osevowe1C.semi-openvowe1Whichofthefo11owingfactorsisNOTa1earnerfactor?A.Accu1turationB.Persona1ityC.Interaction4. Thewords"take"and"tab1e"areca11edbecausetheycanoccurunattached.A.freemorphemesB.boundmorphemesC.formwordsD.inf1ectiona1morphemes5. Whatcanbedrawnsafe1yfromthecaseofGenieisthatA. itconfirmsthecritica1periodhypothesisB. human,s1anguageacquisitiondeviceisindependentofotherinte11ectua1abi1itiesC. 1anguagecannotbeacquiredata11afterthecritica1periodD. the1anguagefacu1tyofanaveragehumandegeneratesafterthecritica1periodand,asaresu1t,most1inguisticski11scannotdeve1op6. Constituentsthatcanbesubstitutedforoneanotherwithout1ossofgrammatica1itybe1ongtothesameA.syntacticcategoryB.phono1ogica1categoryC.morpho1ogica1categoryD.semanticcategory7. Socio1inguisticsisprimari1yconcernedwiththesocia1significanceof1anguageand1anguageuseindifferentspeechcommunities.A.variationB.changeC.structureD.form8. Insemanticana1ysisofasentence,thebasicunitisca11ed,whichistheabstractionofthemeaningofasentence.A.predicationB.predicateC.argumentD.sense9. Thenotionofisessentia1tothepragmaticstudyof1anguage.A.utteranceB.sentenceC.contextD.speechact10. Thefirstandmostwide1yinvestigated1anguagefami1yofthewor1disA.theSino-TibetanFami1yB.theIndo-EuropeanFami1yC.theAustronesianFami1yD.theAfroasiaticFami1y11. Directions:Fi11intheb1ankontheANSWERSHEETineachofthefo11owingstatementswithoneword,thefirst1etterofwhichisa1readygivenasadue.Notethatyouaretofi11inONEwordon1y,andyouarenota11owedtochangethe1ettergiven.(1%×10=10%)11. Cu1tura1tmeansthat1anguagecanbepassedonfromonegenerationtothenextthroughteachingand1earning,ratherthanbyinstinct.12. Whenpitch,stress,andsound1engtharetiedtothesentenceratherthanthewordiniso1ation,theyareco11ective1yknownasi13. 1anguageacquisitionisconcernedwith1anguagedinhumans.14. Semantica11y,themeaningofacompoundisofteni,nota1waysbeingthesumtota1ofthemeaningsofitscomponents.15. There1ationshipbetweenthenameandthemeaningofawordisquite.a16. Syntacticmovementisdictatedbyru1estraditiona11yca11edtru1es,whoseoperationmaychangethesyntacticrepresentationofasentence.17. Acreo1e1anguageisorigina11yathathasbecomeestab1ishedasanative1anguageinsomespeechcommunity.18. Preferstothephenomenonthatthesamewordmayhavemorethanonemeaning.19. Ifonecontributesmoreinformationthanisrequiredinaconversation,he/shevio1atesthemaximofg20. ManyofthemostbasictermsintheEng1ish1anguageoriginatefromOEng1ish.111. Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefo11owingstatementsistrueorfa1se.PutaTfortrueorFforfa1seontheANSWERSHEET.Ifyouthinkastatementisfa1se,youmustexp1ainwhyyouthinksoandthengivethecorrectversion.(2%-10=20%)21. Thedescriptionofa1anguageatsomepointintimeisadiachronicstudy.22. 0and6aretwodenta1fricativesinEng1ish.23. A1thoughthereareindividua1differencesinonsetandrateof1anguagedeve1opment,chi1drenacrosscu1turesfo11owthesameorderof1anguagedeve1opment.24. ',P1ura1"isamorpheme.25. 1anguageistheon1ymeansforthought.26. ParametersaresyntacticoptionsofUGthata11owgenera1princip1estooperateinonewayoranotherandcontributetosignificant1inguisticvariationsbetweenandamongnatura11anguages.27. Aregiona1dia1ectisusua11yspokenbyagroupofpeop1e1ivinginthesamecommunity.28. Contexua1ismisbasedonthepresumptionthatonecanderivemeaningfromorreducemeaningtoobservab1econtexts.29. Thetwosentences"Tomsmokes."and"Tomissmoking."havethesamepredication.30. Modem1inguisticsregardsthewritten1anguageasprimary,notthespoken.IV.Directions:Exp1ainthefo11owingtermsandgiveexamp1esfori11ustrationwhereappropriate.(3%×10=30%)31. dua1ity32. wordstress33. second1anguageacquisition(S1A)34. stem35. cerebra1p1asticity36. AUX-movement37. speechcommunity38. sense39. pragmatics40. historica11inguisticsV.Directions:Answerthefo11owingquestions.(10%×2=20%)41. Nameanddescribe5ofthecorebranchesof1inguistics.42. Howaresemanticsandpragmaticsre1ated,andhowdotheydiffer?
