2022-2023学年浙江省台州市考研外语真题含答案.docx

2023-2023学年浙江省台州市考研外语真题（含答案）学校:班级:姓名:考号:一、2.ReadingComprehension(10题)1.PartCDirections:Readthefo11owingtextcarefu11yandthentrans1atetheunder1inedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)Researchersinvestigatingbrainsizeandmenta1abi1itysaytheirworkoffersevidencethateducationprotectsthemindfromthebrain'sphysica1deterioration.(46)ItisknownthatthebrainShrinkSasthebodyages,buttheeffectsOnmenta1abi1ityaredifferentfromPerSOntoPerSon.Interesting1y,inastudyofe1der1ymenandwomen,thosewhohadmoreeducationactua11yhadmorebrainshrinkage.D"Thatmayseem1ikebadnews",saidstudyauthorDr.EdwardCoffey,aprofessorofpsychiatryandofneuro1ogyatHenryFordHea1thSysteminDetroit.(47)HoWeVenheexp1ained,thefindingSUggeStSthateducationa11owsPeOP1etoWithStandmorebraintissueIoSSbeforetheirmenta1functioningbeginstobreakdown.Thestudy,pub1ishedintheJu1yissueofNeuro1ogy,isthefirsttoprovidebio1ogica1evidencetosupportaconceptca11edthe"reserve"hypothesis,accordingtotheresearchers.Inrecentyears,investigatorshavedeve1opedtheideathatpeop1ewhoaremoreeducatedhavegreatercognitivereservestodrawuponasthebrainages;inessence,theyhavemorebraintissuetospare.(48)EXaminingbrainSCanSOf320hea1thymenandWomenaged66to90,IeSearCherSfoundthatforeachyearOfeducationtheSUbieCtShad,thereWaSgreaterShrinkageCftheCUterIayerOfthebrainknownasthecortex.Yetontestsofcognitionandmemory,a11participantsscoredintherangeindicatingnorma1."Everyonehassomedegreeofbrainshrinkage'1,Coffeysaid."Peop1e1ose(onaverage)2.5percentperdecadestartinginadu1thood',.Thereis,however,a"remarkab1erange"ofshrinkageamongpeop1ewhoshownosignsofmenta1dec1ine,Coffeynoted.Overa11hea1th,hesaid,accountsforsomedifferencesinbrainsize.A1coho1ordruguse,aswe11asmedica1conditionssuchasdiabetesandhighb1oodpressure,contributetobraintissue1ossthroughoutadu1thood.Intheabsenceofsuchmedica1conditions,Coffeysaid,education1eve1he1psexp1aintherangeofbrainshrinkageexhibitedamongthementa11y-fite1der1y.Themore-educatedcanwithstandgreater1oss.(49)Ce)ffeyandConeagUeSgaugedShrinkageOftheCOrteXbymeasuringtheCerebrc)SPinaIf1uidSUITOUndingthebrain.Theg】eatertheamountOff1uid,thegreatertheCortiCa1Shrinkage.Contro11ingforthehea1thfactorsthatcontributetobraininjury,theresearchersfoundthateducationwasre1atedtotheseverityofbrainshrinkage.Foreachyearofeducationfromfirstgradeon,subjectshadanaverageof1.77mi11i1itersmorecerebrospina1f1uidaroundthebrain.Justhoweducationmightaffectbraince11sisunknown.(50)Intheirreport,theresearchersSPeCUIatedthatinPeOPIeWithmoreeducation,CertainbrainStnJCtUreSdeeperthantheCorteXmayStayintacttoComPenSateforCOrtiCaIshrinkage.2 .Whatneedstooccurinorderforthegoa1softhefourthwomen'sconferencetoberea1ized?A.1egis1ationsca11ingfortheadvancementofwomenshou1dbeenforced.B.Needtocreateac1imatethata11owsandencouragessocia1deve1opmentonanationa1sca1e.C.Createnewtechno1ogica1opportunitiesforwomeninChina.D.Abo1isheconomicbarriersbetweenChinaandtheWest.3 .PartB(10points)Youaregoingtoreada1istofheadingandatextaboutcareerp1anning.Choosethemostsuitab1eheadingfromthe1istA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph41-45.Thefirstparagraphofthetextisnotnumbered.Therearetwoextraheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouransweronAnswersheeti.A Ifyouchooseacareerthatdoesnotfityou,youcanstartover.B Careerp1anningoverweighsanyotherfactors.C Reviewyourp1ansandprogressperiodica11ywithanotherperson.D Seriousf1awsinthewaysmanypeop1emakecareerdecision.E Studyyourse1f.F Setupsomepredictionsaboutyourse1finacareer.G Writeyourcareergoa1sdown.Careerp1anninghe1psyoutoshapeyourcareerpossibi1ities.Itdoesnotnecessari1yfo11owroutineor1ogica1steps.Eachofusp1acesweightondifferentfactorsandmayconsidercertainphasesofcareerp1anningatdifferenttimes.Careerp1anninginc1udesgatheringinformationaboutourse1vesandaboutoccupations,estimatingtheprobab1eoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,andfina11y,choosinga1ternativesthatwefindattractiveandfeasib1e.Quiteoftencareerp1anninghe1pspeop1etoseethekindsofassistancetheyneedtodowhattheywantandhe1psdirectthemtoavai1ab1eresources.(41) Thisisthekeytocareerp1anning.Understandingwhatyouare1ike,whatyouva1ue,andwhatyouwanttobecomeisthefoundationfora11careerp1anning.Tohaveabetterinsightintoyourse1f,youaresupposedtoexamineyourstrengthsandweaknesses,yourgoa1s,andthetrendsinyourpersona1deve1opment.These1f-understandingthatyougainenab1esyoutoimaginehowcertainoccupationsmaybestfityourpersona1ity,interests,abi1ities,andgoa1s.A11careerdecisionsrequireusto1earnbothaboutourse1vesandaboutwork,andtointegratethesetwokindsofknow1edge.(42) Atechniqueusefu1fororganizingideasaboutyourcareerdeve1opmentistoactua11yputthemdownbytimeb1ocksinyour1ife,forexamp1e,agesnineteentotwenty-two,twenty-threetothirty.Thisactionforcesyoutocrysta11izeyourthinkingandtoreorganizefuzzyandha1f-formedideas.Itmay1eadtonewinsightsaboutyourpossibi1itiesandmayhe1pyoutoseenewre1ationships,patternsandtrends,ortoidentifygapsinyourthinkingaboutyourcareerdeve1opment.(43) Considerthekindofpersonyouare,whatyou're1ike1ytobe1ike,wh