时文拓展阅读31减少电子垃圾你我同行.docx

减少电子垃圾，你我同行近年来,随着时代的进步和科技的快速发展，电子产品更新换代的速度越来越快，由此产生的电子垃圾越来越多。我国电子产品的生产量和消费量都居世界前列,每年会产生大量的电子垃圾,处理这些废弃物的压力与日俱增。面对如此巨大的压力，我们能做点儿什么呢？阅读短文并回答问题In2016,thewor1d,spopu1ationcastaside49mi11iontonsofe1ectronicwaste,knownase-waste.Ithasbeenca1cu1atedthatthisnumberwi11growtomorethan60mi11iontonsby2023.Whatiscausingtheupsurge（激增）ine-waste?Techno1ogyisbecomingmoreandmorewidespread,coveringa1mosteveryaspectofour1ives.Meanwhi1e,the1ifespanofdevicesisgettingshorter-manyproductswi11bethrownawayoncetheirbatteriesdie,toberep1acedbynewdevices.Companiesintentiona11yp1antheobso1escence（过时）oftheirgoodsbyupdatingthedesignorsoftwareanddiscontinuingsupportforo1dermode1s,sothatnowitisusua11ycheaperandeasiertobuyanewproductthantorepairano1done.Sincepricesarefa11ing,e1ectronicdevicesareindemandaroundthewor1d.Asmorepeop1ebuye1ectronicequipment,manufacturers（制造商）arebeginningtofaceshortagesoftherawmateria1sneededtomaketheirproducts,sorecyc1ingandreusingmateria1sfromdiscardedproductsandwastemakeseconomicandenvironmenta1sense.Recyc1inge-wasteispracticedbothforma11yandinforma11y.Properorforma1e-wasterecyc1ingusua11yinvo1vestakingapartthee1ectronics,separatingandsortingthroughthemateria1sandc1eaningthem.Companiesmustobeyhea1thandsafetyru1estoreducethehea1thandenvironmenta1hazardsofhand1inge-wastebyusingpo11ution-contro1techno1ogies.A11thismakesforma1recyc1ingexpensive.Informa1recyc1ingistypica11yun1icensedanduncontro11ed.Atinforma1recyc1ingworkshops,menandwomenrecoverva1uab1emateria1sbyburningdevicestome1tawaynon-va1uab1emateria1s.Usua11ytheydonotwearprotectiveequipmentand1ackanyawarenessthattheyarehand1ingdangerousmateria1s.Withtheamountofe-wastegrowingaroundthewor1d,recyc1inga1onewi11notbeenoughtoso1vetheprob1em.Inordertoreducee-waste,manufacturersneedtodesigne1ectronicsthataresafer,andmoredurab1e,repairab1eandrecyc1ab1e.Thebestthingyoucandoisresistbuyinganewdeviceunti1yourea11yneedit.Trytogetyouro1dproductrepairedifpossib1eand,ifitcan,tbefixed,rese11orrecyc1eitresponsib1y.Beforeyourecyc1eyourdevice,putanybrokenpartsinseparatecontainersandc1osethesetight1ytopreventchemica1sfrom1eaking.Wear1atexg1ovesandamaskifyou,rehand1ingsomethingthat,sbroken.1.Whatisparagraph2main1yabout?A. Thereasonsfore-waste,ssharpincreasing.C.Themethodsofrecyc1inge-waste.B. Theresu1tsofupdatingdevices.D.Thecausesofdevices,pricedropping.2. VVhatmakesrecyc1inge-wastemeaningfu1accordingtothetext?A. Toimprovethepoorqua1ityofe-devices.B. To1owerthecostsoftechno1ogyinnovation.C. Tore1ievecompanies,1ackingrawmateria1s.D. Tbincreasethevarietyofe1ectronicproducts.3. Whichofthefo11owingbestexp1ainstheunder1inedWord“hazards“inparagraph4?A.Inf1uence.B.Harm.C.1imits.D.Costs.4. Whatcanweknowaboutinforma1recyc1ingworkshopsfromparagraph4?A. Theirwaysofreusingwasteareencouraged1arge1y.B. Theyaimtodiscoverraremateria1sfornewproducts.C. Theyareresponsib1eforhand1inga11thedangerouswaste.D. Theirworkersareunawareofthedangerfromdea1ingwithdevices.5. Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthe1astparagraph?A. Everyoneshou1dtakeactiontoreducee-waste.B. Companiesshou1dbemain1yresponsib1eforreducinge-waste.C. Fixingadevicecou1dcausemorepo11utionthanbuyinganewone.D. E-wastecou1dbebrokendownbyburyingitundergroundfora1ongtime.【参考答案】ACBDA目单词学习1. 1ifespan比使用期限Mostboi1ershavea1ifespanof15to20years.大部分锅炉的使用期限是15-20年。2. discardedadj.丢弃的；废弃的A1most80%ofthediscardede1ectronicscomefromoverseas,inc1udingtheUnitedStates.大约80%的废弃电子产品都来自海外，其中也包括美国。3. durab1eadj.耐用的；持久的Heboughthimse1fapairofdurab1etrousers.他给他自己买了条耐穿的裤子。4. 1atexg1oves乳胶手套目长难句分析1. Companiesintentiona11yp1antheobso1escenceoftheirgoodsbyupdatingthedesignorsoftwareanddiscontinuingsupportforo1dermode1s,sothatnowitisusua11ycheaperandeasiertobuyanewproductthantorepairano1done.【分析】句子主干为“Companiesp1antheobso1escenceoftheirgoods"。"byupdatingthedesignorsoftwareanddiscontinuingSIIPpOrt”为方式状语；"sothat.o1done”为结果状语从句。【翻译】公司有意通过更新设计或软件，停止对旧型号的支持来规划商品的过时，因此现在购买新产品通常比修理旧产品更便宜、更容易。2. Asmorepeop1ebuye1ectronicequipment,manufacturersarebeginningtofaceshortagesoftherawmateria1sneededtomaketheirproducts,sorecyc1ingandreusingmateria1sfromdiscardedproductsandwastemakeseconomicandenvironmenta1sense.分析】该句为"so”连接的并列句。“Asmorepeop1ebuy.theirProdUetS,"的主干为"manufacturesarebeginningtofaceShortageSASmorepeop1ebuye1ectronicequipment”是由"As”弓导的原医1状语从句；“neededtomaketheirproducts”作后置定语修饰“rawmateria1smo【翻译】随着越来越多的人购买电子设备，制造商开始面临制造其产品所需的原材料短缺的问题，因此回收和再利用废弃产品和废物中的材料具有经济和环境意义。当知识拓展电子废弃物，俗称“电子垃圾”，是指被废弃不再使用的电器或电子设备，主要包括电冰箱、空调、洗衣机、电视机等家用电器和计算机等通讯电子产品的淘汰品。电子废弃物中含有很多有毒物质，包括有毒重金属（如铅、汞、镉和被）、PVC塑料以及有害化学品（如澳化阻燃剂），这些都有可能会危害人类健康和环境。当电脑废物被填埋或焚烧掉时，会产生很严重的污染问题。填埋会使有毒物渗漏到地下水中，而焚化则会产生包括二恶英等气体有毒物，所以回收和处理它们要遵守严格的法律和环保要求。电子垃圾的污染远没有空气污染、水污染那么受公众重视，而且电子垃圾的回收处理也始终没有完全成熟的产业链。处理电子废弃物的方法主要有化学处理方法、火法、机械处理方法、电化学法或几种方法相结合。电子废弃物类型非常复杂，各厂家所生产的同种功能的产品从材料选择、设计、生产上也各不相同，其回收处理一直是一个相当复杂的问题。因此正规有效的电子垃圾回收体系急需建立并稳定起来，以面对悄然来临的环境危机。