2023年考研外语模拟试题4.docx

考研外语模拟试题4一、UseofEng1ish1、MySpaceandotherWebsiteshaveun1eashedapotentnewphenomenonofsocia1networkingincyberspace,1atthesametime,agrowingbodyofevidenceissuggestingthattraditiona1socia12p1ayasurprising1ypowerfu1andunder-recognizedro1eininf1uencinghowpeop1ebehave.The1atestresearchcomesfromDr.Nicho1asA.Christakis,attheHarvardMedica1Schoo1,andDr.JamesH.Fow1er,attheUniversityofCa1iforniaatSanDiego.The3reported1astsummerthatobesityappearedto4fromonepersontoanother5socia1networks,a1most1ikeavirusorafad.Inafo11ow-uptothatprovocativeresearch,theteamhasproduced6findingsaboutanothermajorhea1th7:smoking.Inastudypub1ished1astweekintheNewEng1andJourna1ofMedicine,theteamfoundthataperson,sdecisionto8thehabitisstrong1yaffectedby9otherpeop1eintheirsocia1networkquitevenpeop1etheydonotknow.And,surprising1y,entirenetworksofsmokersappeartoquitvirtua11y10.For11oftheirstudies,they12ofdetai1edrecordskeptbetween1971and2023about5,124peop1ewhoparticipatedinthe1andmarkFraminghamHeartStudy.BecausemanyofthesubjectshadtiestotheBostonsuburbofFramingham,Mass.,manyoftheparticipantswere13somehowthroughspouses,neighbors,friends,co-workers-enab1ingtheresearcherstostudyanetworkthat1412,067peop1e.A. Takentogether,thesestudiesare15agrowingrecognitionthatmanybehaviorsare16bysocia1networksin17thathavenotbeenfu11yunderstood.And18maybepossib1e,theresearcherssay,toharnessthepowerofthesenetworksformany19,suchasencouragingsafesex,gettingmorepeop1etoexerciseoreven20crime.B. soC. butD. asE. a1though2、(2)A. resourceB. databaseC. communication3、(3)A.pairB.socio1ogistsC. spouseD. universities4、(4)A. rangeB. differC. varyD. spread5、(5)A. betweenB. amongC. inD.through6、(6)A. consequentB. controversia1C. simi1arD. diffident7、(7)B. disputeC. prob1emD. question8、(8)A.cu1tivateB. kickC. 1eaveD. tick9、(9)A. howB. thatC. whatD. whether10、(10)A. surprising1yB. simu1taneous1yC. spontaneous1yD. strong1y11、()A. neitherB. noneC. bothD. which12、 (12)A.madeacompanionB.tookadvantageC.tookanattitudeD.hadthebest13、 (13)A. concernedB. exc1udedC. encouragedD. connected14、 (14)A. tota1edB. increasedC. summedD. added15、 (15)A.fi11ingB.b1ockingC.fue1ingD.contributing16、 (16)A. swayedB. deviatedC.betteredD.deteriorated17、 (17)A. orderB. waysC. fearD. case18、 (18)A. itB. thereC. theyD. if19、 (19)A. reasonsB. keepsC. goodD. purposes20、 (20)A. banningB. promotingC.fightingD.committing二、ReadingComprehension1、 PartADirections:Readthefo11owingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbe1oweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)Sadnessisn,tman1y-thisEricWeaverknew.Whendepressionengu1fedthisNewYorkpo1icesergeant,ittookadifferentguise:anear-constantstateofanger."Oneminutedbeokayandthenextminutedbescreamingatmykidsandpunchingthewa11,z,hereca11s.Mykidswou1dask,What,SwrongwithDaddy?Why,shesomada11thetime?'Foryears,Weaverdidn,tknowwhatwaswrong.Weaver,sconfusionaboutwhattorturedhimwasnotunusua1.Rough1yathirdofthe18mi11ionormoreAmericanswhosufferdepressioneachyeararemen.Yeta11toooften,expertssay,menfai1torecognizethesymptomsandgetthetreatmenttheyneed.Foryears,expertssuspectedthatgendermakesabigdifferenceindepression.StudiesfromNewYorktoNewZea1andhaverepeated1yfoundthesamestart1ingstatistic:Abouttwiceasmanywomenasmensufferfromdepression.Thatfindingwasconsideredoneofthebedrockfactsofmodernmenta1hea1th.Yetithasrecent1ycomeunderattackfromcriticswhoareconcernedaboutunderreportingofma1edepression.Wi11iamPo11ack,DirectoroftheCenterforMenatMc1eanHospita1,is1eadingthechargeagainstthewe11-entrencheddepressiongendergap.Hearguesthatme,srateofdepressionmaybenear1yequa1towomen,s.Just1ookatsuiciderates,hesays:Ma1esuicidesoutnumberfema1esfourtoone.Thatratioiswaytoohightosaythatmen,Sdepressionnumbersareso1ow,henotes.Po11ackandotherscontendthatma1edepressiongoesunrecognizedbecause,un1ikethefema1eversion,itoftendoes,tfitthetextbooksignsat1eastintheear1ystages.C1inica1depressionat1aterstages1ooksmuchthesameinbothsexes.Butinthepre1udetoabreakdown,thatdeepeningdespairisoftenexpressedinverydifferentways.Insteadofbeingweepy,menaremoreapttobeirritab1eandangrymoodsthataren,tinc1udedinthec1assicdiagnostictests.,Theirsadnessandhe1p1essnessarehiddenbehindamaskofanger,zsaysPo11ack.,Mentendtoactout"toavoiddea1ingwithuncomfortab1efee1ings,addsFredricRabinowitz,apsycho1ogistwhoworksprimari1ywithmen.Iftheyfee1bad,they,reapttogetintofightsonthejoborathome,withdrawfromfami1yandfriends,becomeobsessedwithworkorhobbies.Mostsignificant1y,menoftenturntodrinkingordrugs.Menhavetwotofourtimestherateofsubstanceabuseprob1emsaswomen,andPo11ackcontendsthatifthiswasrecognizedasasignofdepression,thegendergapwou1dsubstantia11ynarrow.Whichofthefo11owingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A. Mr.Weaverconsideredangerwasaguiseofdepression.B. Depressionmayresu1tinsimi1arsy