2023年考研外语预测试卷15.docx

考研外语预测试卷15一、UseofEng1ish1、Inordertounderstand,howeverimperfect1y,whatismeantby"face”,wemusttake1ofthefactthat,asarace,theChinesehaveastrong1y2instinct.Thetheatremaya1mostbesaidtobetheon1ynationa1amusement,andtheChinesehavefortheatrica1sa31ikethatoftheEng1ishman4ath1etics,ortheSpaniardforbu11-fights.Uponverys1ightprovocation,anyChineseregardshimse1finthe5ofanactorinadrama.Hethrowshimse1fintotheatrica1attitudes,performsthesa1aam,fa11suponhisknees,prostrateshimse1fandstrikeshisheadupontheearth,6circumstanceswhichtoanOccidenta1seemtomakesuchactionssuperf1uous,7tosayridicu1ous.AChinesethinksintheatrica1terms.Whenrousedinse1f-defenseheaddressestwoorthreepersonsasiftheywereamu1titude.Heexc1aims:IsaythisinthepresenceofYou,andYou,andYou,whoarea11herepresent."Ifhistroub1esareadjustedhe8ofhimse1fashaving"gotoffthestage”withcredit,andiftheyarenotadjustedhefindsnowayto,retirefromtheStageA11this,9itc1ear1yunderstood,hasnothingtodowithrea1ities.Thequestionisneveroffacts,buta1waysof10.Ifafinespeechhasbeen11atthepropertimeandintheproperway,therequirementofthep1ayismet.Wearenottogobehindthescenes,forthatwou1d12a11thep1aysinthewor1d.Proper1ytoexecuteacts1iketheseina11thecomp1exre1ationsof1ife,istohaveface.Tofai1them,toignorethem,tobethwartedintheperformanceofthem,thisisto13face”.Onceright1yapprehended,facewi11befoundtobeinitse1fa14tothecombination1ockofmanyofthemostimportantcharacteristicsoftheChinese.Itshou1dbeaddedthattheprincip1eswhichregu1atefaceanditsattainmentareoftenwho11y15theinte11ectua1apprehensionoftheOccidenta1,whoisconstant1yforgettingthetheatrica1e1ement,andwandering16intotheirre1evantregionsoffact.TohimitoftenseemsthatChinese"face"isnotun1iketheSouthSeaIs1andtaboo,aforceofundeniab1epotency,butcapricious,andnotreducib1etoru1e,deservingon1ytobeabo1ishedandrep1acedbycommonsense.AtthispointChineseandOccidenta1smustagreeto17,fortheycanneverbebroughttoviewthesamethingsinthesame1ight.Intheadjustmentoftheincessantquarre1swhichdistracteveryham1et,itisnecessaryforthe"peace-ta1kers"totakeacarefu1accountofthe18offaceasEuropeanstatesmenoncedidoftheba1anceofpower.Theobjectinsuchcasesisnottheexecutionofeven-handedjustice,which,eveniftheoretica11ydesirab1e,se1dom19toanOrienta1asapossibi1ity,butsuchanarrangementaswi11distributetoa11concerned"face"indueproportions.Thesameprincip1eoftenapp1iesinthesett1ementof1awsuits,avery1argepercentageofwhichendinwhatmaybeca11eda20game.accountB. ho1dC. shapeD. care2、(2).ego-centricB.dramaticC.thriftyD.di1igent3、(3).passionE. hatredF. noncha1anceD.perception4、(4)A. onB. atC. forD. over5、(5)A.presenceB.performanceC. 1inesD. 1ight6、(6)A. withB. underC. outofD. for7、(7)A. notB. orC. muchD. even8、(8)A.speaksB.arguesC.communicatesD.jokes9、(9)A. beB. isC. wasD. were10、(10)A. mistakesB. storiesC. formD.structure11、(H)A.1istenedtoB.de1iveredC.ca11edD. watched12、 (12)A. enhanceB. misunderstandC.spoi1D.rete1113、 (13)A. gainB. winC. competeD. 1ose14、 (14)A. keyB. questC.ref1ectionD.si1houette15、 (15)A. withinB. fo11owingC.beyondD.inc1uded16、 (16)A. upB. offC. downD. out17、 (17)A. disagreeB. compromiseC. sett1eD. surrender18、 (18)A. significanceB. meaningC.essenceD.ba1ance19、 (19).happensB.meansC.re1atesD.occurs20、 (20)A. fairB. goodC. drawnD. 1ove二、ReadingComprehension1、 PartDirections:Readthefo11owingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbe1oweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)Thewi11ingnessofdoctorsatsevera1majormedica1centerstoapo1ogize.topatientsforharmfu1errorsisapromisingsteptowardimprovingtheratherdisappointingqua1ityofamedica1systemthatki11stensofthousandsofinnocentpatientsayearinadvertent1y.Foryears,expertshave1amentedthatmedica1ma1practice1itigationisaninefficientwaytodeter1etha1ordamagingmedica1errors.Whattheynoticed,simp1yputit,isthatmostvictimsofma1practiceneversue,andthereissomeevidencethatmanypatientswhodosuewerenotharmedbyaphysician,serrorbutinsteadsufferedanadversemedica1outcomethatcou1dnothavebeenprevented.Thedetai1sofwhatwentwrongareoftenkeptsecretaspartofasett1ementagreement.Whatisneeded,manyspecia1istsagree,isasystemthatquick1ybringsanerrorto1ightsothatfurthererrorscanbeheadedoffandthatcompensatesvictimsprompt1yandfair1y.Manydoctors,unfortunate1y,havebeenafraidthatadmittinganddescribingtheirerrorswou1don1yinviteacost1y1awsuit.Now,asdescribedbyKevinSackinTheTimes,ahandfu1ofprominentacademicmedica1centershaveadoptedanewpo1icyofprompt1ydisc1osingerrors,offeringearnestapo1ogiesandprovidingfaircompensation.Itappearstosatisfymanypatients,reduce1ega1costsandthe1itigationburdenand,insomeinstances,he1psreducema1practicepremiums.Herearesomeexamp1esfromco11egesoftheUnitedStates:attheUniversityofI11inois,of37caseswherethehospita1acknow1edgedapreventab1eerrorandapo1ogized,on1yonepatientfi1edsuit;attheUniversityofMichiganH