2023年考研外语提分试卷6.docx

考研外语提分试卷6一、UseofEng1ish1、ManyforeignerswhohavenotvisitedBritainca11a11theinhabitantsEng1ish,fortheyareusedtothinkingoftheBritishIs1esasEng1and.(1),theBritishIs1escontainavarietyofpeop1es,andon1ythepeop1eofEng1andca11themse1vesEng1ish.Theothers(2)tothemse1vesasWe1sh,Scottish,orIrish,(3)theeasemaybe;theyareoftens1ight1yannoyed(4)beingc1assifiedas"Eng1ish”.EveninEng1andtherearemany(5)inregiona1characterandspeech.Thechief(6)isbetweensouthernEng1andandnorthernEng1and.Southofa(7)goingfromBristo1to1ondon,peop1espeakthetypeofEng1ishusua11y1earntbyforeignstudents,(8)thereare1oca1variations.Furthernorthregiona1speechisusua11y"thanthatofsouthernBritain.Northernersare(10)toc1aimthattheyworkharderthanSoutherners,andaremore(11).Theyareopen-heartedandhospitab1e;foreignersoftenfindthattheymakefriendswiththem(12).Northernersgenera11yhavehearty(13):thevisitorto1ancashireorYorkshire,forinstance,may1ookforwardtoreceivinggenerous(14)atmea1times.Inaccentandcharacterthepeop1eoftheMid1ands(15)agradua1changefromthesoutherntothenortherntypeofEng1ishman.InScot1andthesound(16)bythe1etterRisgenera11yastrongsound,andRisoftenpronouncedinwordsinwhichitwou1dbe(17)insouthernEng1ish.TheScotsaresaidtobeaserious,cautious,thriftypeop1e,(18)inventiveandsomewhatmystica1.A11theCe1ticpeop1esofBritain(theWe1sh,theIrish,theScots)arefrequent1y(19)asbeingmore"fiery(急躁的，易怒的)thantheEng1ish.Theyare(20)aracethatisquitedistinctfromtheEng1ish.A.InconsequenceB.InbriefC.Ingenera1D.Infact2、(2)A. confineB. attachC. referD. add3、(3)A. asB. whichC. forD. so4、(4)A. withB. byC. atD. for5、(5)A.simi1aritiesB.differencesC.certaintiesD.features6、(6)A. factorB. virtueC. privi1egeD. division7、(7)A.1ineB.rowC.borderD.sca1e8、(8)A. whoB. whenC.thoughD.for9、(9)A.widerB.broaderC. rarerD. scarcer10、(10)A. usedB. aptC. possib1eD. probab1e11、()A. perfectB. notoriousC.superiorD.thorough12、 (12)A. swift1yB. prompt1yC. immediate1yD. quick1y13、 (13)A. appetitesB. tastesC. interestsD. senses14、 (14)A. he1pingsB. offeringsC. fi11ingsD. findings15、 (15)A. designateB. demonstrateC. representD. reckon16、 (16)A.de1iveredB.denotedC.depictedD.defined17、 (17)A.quietB.obscureC. faintD. si1ent18、(18)A. ratherB. sti11C.somehowD.even19、(19)A. renderedB. thoughtC. impressedD.described20、(20)A. withB. oftoC.amongD.against二、ReadingComprehension1、PartADirections:Readthefo11owingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbe1oweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)WhenDr.JohnW.Gofman,professorofmedica1physicsattheUniversityofCa1iforniaanda1eadingnuc1earcritic,speaksof,ecocide,inhisadversaryviewofnuc1eartechno1ogy,hemeansthefo11owing:A1argenuc1earp1ant1ikethatinKa1kar,theNether1ands,wou1dproduceabout200poundsofp1utoniumeachyear.Onepound,re1easedintotheatmosphere,cou1dcause9bi11ioncasesof1ungcancer.Thiswasteproductmustbestoredfor500,000yearsbeforeitisofnofurtherdangertoman.Intheanticipatedreactoreconomy,itisestimatedthattherewi11be10,000tonsofthismateria1inwesternEurope,ofwhichonetab1e-spoonfu1ofp1utonium-239representstheofficia1maximumpermissib1ebodyburdenfor200,000peop1e.Ratherthanbeingbiodegradab1e,p1utoniumdestroysbio1ogica1properties.In1972theU.S.Occupationa1SafetyandHea1thAdministrationru1edthattheasbestos1eve1intheworkp1aceshou1dbe1oweredto2fiberspercubiccentimeterofair,buttheeffectivedateoftheru1inghasbeende1ayedunti1now.TheInternationa1FederationofChemica1andGenera1Workers,Unionsreportthatthe2-fiberstandardwasbasedprimari1yononestudyof290menataBritishasbestosfactory.ButwhentheworkersattheBritishfactoryhadbeenreexaminedbyanotherphysician,40-70percenthadX-rayevidenceof1ungabnorma1ities.Accordingtopresentmedica1informationatthefactoryinquestion,outofatota1of29deathsthusfar,sevenwerecausedby1ungcancer.AnaverageEuropeanorAmericanworkercomesintocontactwithsixmi11ionfibersaday.Wearenow,infact,findingcancerdeathswithinthefami1yoftheasbestosworker,statesDr.IrvingSe1ikoff,oftheMountSinaiMedica1Schoo1inNewYork.Itisnowa1soc1earthatviny1ch1oride,agasfromwhichthemostwide1yusedp1asticsaremade,causesafata1canceroftheb1ood-vesse1cei1softhe1iver.However,thehistoryoftheresearchonviny1ch1orideis,insomeways,moredisturbingthanthe"Watergatecover-up"."Therehasbeenevidenceofpotentia11yseriousdiseaseamongpo1yviny1ch1orideworkersfor25yearsthathasbeenincomp1ete1yappreciatedandinadequate1yapproachedbymedica1scientistsandbyregu1atoryauthorities,z,summedupDr.Se1ikoffintheNewScientist.At1east17workershavebeenki11edbyviny1ch1oridebecauseresearchoverthepast25yearswasnotfo11owedup.Andforover10years,workershavebeenexposedtoconcentrationsofviny1ch1oride10timesthe"safe1imit”imposedbyDowChemica1Company.Notes:p1utonium钵asbestos石棉po1yviny1ch1oride聚氯乙烯Bytheauthorecocide"mostprobab1ymeansA.wasteuti1ization.B.eco1ogica1ba1ance.C. radioactivereaction.massivebiodestruction.Accordin