2023年考研外语提分冲刺试卷15.docx

考研外语提分冲刺试卷15一、UseofEng1ish1>OntheafternoonofApri119th,1587,SirFrancisDr.Aka1edhisconvoyof31shipsintotheportofCadiz,(1)theSpanishnavywasbeingpreparedto(2)Eng1and.TheSpanishwere(3)comp1ete1ybysurprise,andDr.Aka,smenquick1y1ooted,sankorburnteveryshipinsight.Afterc1earingtheharhourofstoresand(4)offaSpanishattack,Dr.Akaandhisships(5)withoutthe1ossofasing1eman.BackinEng1and,Dr.Akabecameanationa1hero,andhisdaringattackbecameknownasthe"singeingoftheKingofSpain,sbeardz,.Aswe11as(6)backtheSpanishp1antoinvadeEng1andbysevera1months,Dr.Aka,sdaringattack(7)thesuccessofapopu1arnewdrink.Foramongthestoresthathe(8)fromCadizwere2,9001argebarre1sofsack,awinemadeintheJerezregionofSpain,andthe(9)oftoday,ssherry.ThewinemakersofJerez1ookedforoverseasmarkets,andsackstartedtotakeoffinEng1and.In1587,thece1ebratorydrinkingofthesackbroughtbackfromCadizbyDr.Akagaveitafurther(10)andmadeithuge1yfashionab1e,(11)itsSpanishorigin.For(12)chemica1reasons,sackwasanunusua11y1ong-1astingand(13)wine.Thismadeitidea1fortakingon1ongseavoyages,(14)whicha1coho1icdrinksactedasavita1socia11ubricantthat(15)thehardshipofspendingweekspackedintoa(16)ship.Co1umbustooksackwithhimtothenewwor1dinthe1490s,makingitthefirstwinetobe(17)intotheAmericas.In1604,sackwas(18)officia1recognitionof(19)whenJamesI(20)anordinance1imitingitsconsumptionatcourt.Bythistimesackwaspopu1ar1yknownassherris-sack(sherrisbeingacorruptionofJerez),whicheventua11ybecamethemodernwordsherry.whereB. whenC. asD. which2、(2).aggravateB. besiegeC. invadeD. siege3、(3)A.seizedB. takenC. capturedD. snapped4、(4).fendingB.fencingC.defeatingD.bringing5、(5)A. avoidedB. hidedC. brokeD. escaped6、(6)A. cuttingB. takingC.settingD.dissecting7、(7)A.stitchedB.sea1edC.stuckD.1abe1ed8、(8)A.robbedB.p1underedC.squanderedD.sto1e9、(9)A. deviantB. variationC. forerunnerD. descendant10、 (10)A. stimu1usB. incentiveC.conduciveD.boost11、 (11)A. neverthe1essB. notwithstandingC. howeverD.concerning12、 (12)A. obscureB. obsessiveC. obsceneD. obso1ete13、 (13)A. dryB. robustC. weakD. stiff14、 (14)A. inB. onC. duringD. to15、 (15)A. 1essenedB. worsenedC. softenedD. sharpened16、 (16)A. spaciousB. creptC. campedD. cramped17、 (17)A.so1dB.exportedC.importedD.introduced18、 (18)A. conferredB. presentedC. grantedD. offered19、 (19)A. sortsB. kindsC. sortD. kinds20、 (20).announcedB.proc1aimedC.c1aimedD.issued二、ReadingComprehension1、PartADirections:Readthefo11owingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbe1oweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)St.Pau1didn,t1ikeit.Moseswarnedhispeop1eagainstit.Hesioddec1aredit"mischievous"and"hardtogetridofit，butOscarWi1dersaid,“Gossipischarming.,“Historyismere1ygossip,hewroteinoneofhisfamousp1ays.“Butscanda1isgossipmadetediousbymora1ity.,Intimespast,underJewish1aw,gossipmongersmightbefinedorf1ogged.ThePuritansputtheminstocksorduckingstoo1s,butnopunishmentseemedtohavethedesiredeffectofpreventinggossip,whichhascontinueduninterruptedacrossthebackfencesofthecenturies.Today,however,themuch-ma1ignedhumanfoib1eisbeing1ookedatinadifferent1ight,Psycho1ogists,socio1ogists,phiIosophers,evenevo1utionarybio1ogistsareconc1udingthatgossipmaynotbesobadaftera11.Gossipisanintrinsica11yva1uab1eactivity”,phiIosophyprofessorAaronBen-Ze,evstatesinabookhehasedited,entit1edGoodGossip.Foronething,gossiphe1psusacquireinformationthatweneedtoknowthatdoesn,tcomethroughordinarychanne1s,suchas;,zWhatwastherea1reasonso-and-sowasfiredfromtheoffice?，zGossipa1soisaform,ofsocia1bonding,Dr.Ben-Ze,evsays.Itisakindofsharing"thata1so,satisfiesthetriba1needname1y,theneedtobe1ongtoandbeacceptedbyauniquegroup,What,smore,theprofessornotes,“Gossipisenjoyab1e.,Anothergossipgroupie,Dr.Rona1dDeSouse,aprofessorofphi1osophyattheUniversityofToronto,describesgossipbasica11yasaform,ofindiscretionanda"saint1yvirtue”,bywhichbemeansthattheknow1edgespreadbygossipwi11usua11yendupbeings1ight1ybeneficia1.Itseems1ike1ythatawor1dinwhicha11informationwereuniversa11yavai1ab1ewou1dbepreferab1etoawor1dwhereimmensepowerresidesinthecontro1ofsecrets,zhewrites.Sti11,everybodyknowsthatgossipcanhaveitsiiieffects,especia11yonthepoorwretchbeinggossipedabout.Andpeop1eshou1drefrainfromcertainkindsofgossipthatmightbeharmfu1,eventhoughtheduckingstoo1is1ongoutoffashion.Bytheway,thereisa1soaninterestingstrainofgossipca11edmedica1gossip,whichinitsbestform,accordingtoresearchersJerryM.Su1sandFrank1inGoodkin,canmotivatepeop1ewithsymptomsofseriousi11ness,butwhoareunawareofit,toseekmedica1he1p.Sogoaheadandgossip.Butremember,if(asoftenisthecaseamonggossipers)youshou1dsudden1ybecomeoneofthegossipeesinstead,itisbesttoemp1oythefoo1proofdefenserecommendedbyP1ato,whomayhave1earnedthe1essonfromSocrates,whoasyouknowwasthevictimofgossipspreadthathewascorruptingtheyouthofAthens;Whenmenspeaki11ofthee,so1ivethatnobodywi11be1ievethem.Or,asWi11Rogerssaid