安徽大学翻译硕士2011年初试翻译基础和复试翻译实践与评述（真题）.docx

试题名称：翻译实践与评述(注：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上一律无效)I.Fi11intheB1anksandTrans1atetheParagraphsintoChinese(10,+40,)Afterschoo1reopensnextfa11,teachersa11overCa1iforniawi11bemakinghouseca11s-nottotutorchi1dren,buttoencourageparentstogetmoreinvo1vedintheirkid,seducation.JimSweeney,superintendentofaSacramentodistrictwheresuchhomevisitsarea1readyinp1ace,saystheyhave“changedthewho1ere1ationshipbetweenteachersandparents.Testscoresandattendanceareup,anddiscip1ineprob1emsare1.Theprogram,ssuccessisnotsurprising,especia11yconsideringtheresu1tsofanewsurveyconductedfortheNicke1odeonchanne1andTime.2emergesfromthepo11of991kids,ages9to14,p1us400parentsand103midd1eschoo1teachers,isanoteworthydisconnectinmanyfami1iesoverparenta1invo1vementintheirchi1dren,seducation.Whi1e92%oftheparentssaidtheyareveryinterestedintheirkids,schoo1work,thenumberfa11sto75%3kidswereaskedifthisistrueoftheirparents.Simi1ar1y,77%ofparentssaidtheyhe1pthekids4homeworktohe1pthem1earnmore,asopposedtojustcheckingitoverto5sureitisdone,buton1y60%ofkidsagreedwiththat.Teachersoverwhe1ming1ysaidtheywantedparentstobeextreme1yinvo1vedintheirkids,work,6on1y3%ofteacherssaidtheybe1ievedparentsrea11y7.Near1y4outof10teacherssaidtheirschoo1sdon,tdoenoughtoinvo1veparents.Kidsarebecomingmoremateria1istictoo.Comparedwiththesamesurvey1astyear,agreaternumberofkids(23%,upfrom14%)saytheywou1dratherberichandunhappythanpoorandhappy.Whi1ethemajorityofkidssti11saythatiftheyhadtochoose8makingmoremoneyandhe1pingothers,theywou1dchoosetohe1pothers,thisyear39%wou1dtakethemoney(vs.33%1astyear).Ayearago,aboutthesame9ofkidswantedtobecomeaCEOaswantedtobePresidentoftheU.S.Thisyear56%wanttobea10.whi1eon1y40%wanttobePresident.Perhapsitsayssomethingaboutro1emode1s,bothintheWhiteHouseandathome.I1MakeaCommentinEng1ishontheFo11owingChineseinabout300Words(50')Ear1ymenwerea1sogreat1yinterestedinthestarstheysawtwink1ingintheskyatnight.Whatwheydidnotrea1izewasthatthestarswerea1sopresentduringthedaytime,buttheir1ightwasnotvisib1ebecauseofthebri11ianceofthesun.Howdidtheydiscoverthis?Thereisoneeventwhichdoesenab1eustoseethestarsinthedaytime.Itisthetota1ec1ipseofthesun,whenthemoonpassesinfrontofthesunandhidesitfromview.Whenthishappens,theskybecomesdarkenoughforthestarstobeseen.Tota1ec1ipsesofthiskinddonotoccurveryoftenandarenot1ike1ytobeseenfromthesameareamorethanonceeveryfiftyfouryears.Onecanimaginewhatanawe-inspiringsightitmusthavebeenforanear1yman,whowou1dremembertheeventfortherestofhis1ife.Somanwatchedthemovementsofthesun,themoonandthestarsandwonderedaboutthem.Itwaspracticingtheo1destbranchofscience-astronomy.古人也对夜晚所见天空中闪烁的群星怀有浓厚的兴趣。他们还不知道白天星星也在那里，只是看不见他们的闪光，因为太阳光太强了。人们怎么会发现这一点的呢？只有一种情况能让我们在白天看见星星，那就是日全食。月亮走到太阳前面，把它遮住。这时天空变暗，便可看见星星了。这种日全食并不常见，同一个地区也许每隔五十四年只会碰上一次。我们可以想象，对于古人来说，这该是一种多么令人心惊胆战的景象啊，他们一生中永远也不会忘记。人类就是这样观察太阳、月亮和星体的运动，并产生疑问的。人们在思考它们是什么，以及他们在干什么的时候，其实就是在从事对科学的最古老的学科一一天文学的研究。试题名称：英语翻译基础(注：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上一律无效)1Direction:Trans1atethefo11owingwords,abbreviationsortermino1ogyintotheirtarget1anguagerespective1y.Therearea1together30itemsinthispartofthetext,15inEng1ishand15inChinese,withonepointforeach.(30,)1 .DJ2 .IE1TS3 .EPT4 .GATT5 .OHMS6 .deficit7 .genetica11y-modifiedp1ants8 .referentia1meaning9 .Sapir-WhorfHypothesis10 .psycho1ogica1profi1e11 .synchronicdescription12 .re1evancetheory13 .fa1sefriends/fauxamis14 .eco1ogica1compensationsystem15 .Westernpowers16 .对外文化宣传17 .“五个一工程奖”18 .三下乡19 .意合法20 .行政村21 .全球化22 .社区23 .信、达、雅24 .传译25 .泥石流26 .博士点27 .反恐战争28 .素质测试29 .生物技术30 .文化传递II.Direction:Trans1atethefo11owingtwosourcetextsintotheirtarget1anguagerespective1y.IfthesourcetextisinEng1ish,itstarget1anguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itstarget1anguageisEng1ish.(120,)SourceText1:Atthebeginningofthiscentury,medica1scientistsmadeasurprisingdiscovery:thatWearebui1tnotjustoff1eshandb1oodbuta1sooftime.Theywereab1etodemonstratethatWea11haveaninterna1tbodyc1ock,whichregu1atestheriseandfa11ofourbodyenergies,makingusdifferentfromonedaytothenext.Theseforcesbecameknownasbiorhythms;theycreatethe4highs,andt1ows,inoureveryday1ife.Theideasofaninterna1bodyc1ock,shou1dnotbetoosurprising,sincethe1ivesofmost1ivingthingsaredominatedbythe24-hournight-and-daycyc1e.Themostobviousfeatureofthiscyc1eisthewayWefee1tiredandfa11as1eepatnightandbecomeawakeanda1ertduringtheday.Ifthe24-hourrhythmisinterrupted,mostpeop1eexperienceunp1easantsideeffects.Forexamp1e,internationa1aerop1anetrave11ersoftenexperiencejet1ag'whentrave11ingacrosstimezones.Peop1ewhoarenotusedtoshiftworkcanfindthat1ackofs1eepaffectstheirworkperformance.Aswe11asthedai1yrhythmofs1eepingandwaking,Wea1sohaveotherrhythmswhich1ast1ongerthanonedayandwhichinf1uencewideareasofour1ives.Mostofuswou1dagreethatWefee1goodonsomedaysandnotsogoodonothers.Sometimeswearea11fingersandthumbsbutonotherdayswehaveexce11entcoordination.Therearetimeswhenweappeartobeaccident-prone,orwhenourtemperseemstobeonashortfuse,1sn,tita1sostrangehowideasseemtof1owonsomedaysbutatothertime