1蝾螈细胞内发现共生藻类.docx

蛛嫄细胞内发现共生藻类魔幻电影哈利波特中哈利波特在水中呼吸的“鱼鲤草”或将成为现实！目前，科学家通过合并人类DNA和海藻，试图寻找人类在水下呼吸的一种最佳途径。在对蛛蝇的一项实验中，他们发现产生氧气的海藻可与蝶螺的卵紧密地结合在一起，以至它们两者无法分离。通过未来更深入地展开研究，他们希望有一天能够将海藻和人类DNA结合在一起，这将使人类具备水栖能力，能够像哈利波特吃了鱼鲤草一样在水中不必露出水面换气。在这项最新研究中，科学家计划改变人类的DNA细胞，并使它更像海藻，实际上可释放出氧气。来自加拿大达尔豪斯大学的研究人员发现，自人类诞生以来，人类DNA细胞吸收了数百种病菌。在对螺螺的实验中，海藻能够进入到蛛螺胚胎，从一定意义上讲，蛛蛛已是半植物体。伴随着螺螺的成长，其体内的海藻并不会排出体外，这意味着半植物体蝶螺能够逐渐发育成熟。这是首次记录的脊椎动物与植物的共生关系，科学家称，未来生物工程师可使用海藻作为其它有机生物的氧气来源，并与人类身体完美地结合在起。这项研究发表在近期出版的美国国家科学院院刊(PNAS)上。(来源：腾讯科技叶孤城)Intrace11u1arinvasionofgreena1gaeinasa1amanderhostRyanKerneya,1,EunsooKimb,RogerP.Hangarterc,AaronA.Heissa,CoryD.Bishopd,andBrianK.Ha11a+AuthorAffi1iationsaDepartmentofBio1ogy,Da1housieUniversity,Ha1ifax,NS,CanadaB3H4J1;bDepartmentofBiochemistryandMo1ecu1arBio1ogy,Da1housieUniversity,Ha1ifax,NS,CanadaB3H1X5;CDepartmentofBio1ogy,IndianaUniversity,B1oomington,IN47405;anddDepartmentofBio1ogy,St.FrancisXavierUniversity,Antigonish,NS,CanadaB2G2W5EditedbyDavidB.Wake,UniversityofCa1ifornia,Berke1ey,CA,andapprovedFebruary18,2011(receivedforreviewDecember6,2010)AbstractTheassociationbetweenembryosofthespottedsa1amander(Ambystomamacu1atum)andgreena1gae(44Oophi1aamb1ystomatisn1amberexPrintz)hasbeenconsideredanectosymbioticmutua1ism.Weshowhere,however,thatthissymbiosisismoreintimatethanprevious1yreported.Acombinationofimaginganda1ga118SrDNAamp1ificationrevea1sa1ga1invasionofembryonicsa1amandertissuesandce11sduringdeve1opment.A1ga1ce11saredetectab1efromembryonicand1an,a1Stages26-44throughch1orophy11autof1uorescenceanda1ga118SrDNAamp1ification.A1ga1ce11u1trastructureindicatesbothdegradationandputativeencystmentduringtheprocessoftissueandce11u1arinvasion.Fewera1ga1ce11sweredetectedin1ater-stage1arvaethroughFISH,suggestingthatthedec1ineinautof1Uorescentce11sisprimari1yduetoa1ga1ce11deathwithinthehost.However,ear1yembryoniceggcapsu1esa1socontainedencysteda1ga1ce11sontheinnercapsu1ewa11,anda1ga118SrDNAwasamp1ifiedfromadu1treproductivetracts,consistentwithOviducta1transmissionofa1gaefromonesa1amandergenerationtothenext.Theinvasionofa1gaeintosa1amanderhosttissuesandce11srepresentsauniqueassociationbetweenavertebrateandaeukaryotica1ga,withimp1icationsforresearchintoce11-ce11recognition,possib1eexchangeofmetabo1itesorDNA,andpotentia1congruencebetweenhostandsymbiontpopu1ationstructures.Drint SkiDtomainnavigation SkiDt。mainComent SkiDtoSearCh1ai1n1ine SCienCe&TechHOme PiCtUreS GadaetSGiftSandTOVSStore MVProfiIe 1OqoUt 1oqinWednesday,Apr1320113PM110C6PM825-DavForeCaSt酢COU1dmansoonbeab1etobreatheunderwater?Scientistseyepossibi1ityofmerginghumananda1gaeDNA至yDanie1BateS1astupdatedat6:13PMon6thApri12011 CommemS(22) AddtoMVStOrieSIt1ooks1ikethegi11yweedfromtheHarryPotterfi1mscou1donedaybearea1ity.Scientistshavediscoveredawayforhumanstopotentia11ybreatheunderwaterbymergingourDNAwiththatofa1gae.Inresearchonsa1amanderstheyfoundthatoxygen-producinga1gaehavebondedwiththeireggssoc1ose1ythatthetwoarenowinseparab1e.Bystudyingthemechanismfurther,theyhopethatthesameprocesscou1dbeapp1iedtohumansonedaytoo.Breakthrough:Inresearchonsa1amandersscientistsfoundthatoxygen-producinga1gaehavebondedwiththeireggssoc1ose1ythatthetwoarenowinseparab1eThiswou1da11owustoswimwithoutcomingupforair1ikeHarrydoesinHarryPotterandtheGob1etofFire.Inthefi1mthes1imyp1antgivesHarrygi11sonthesideofhisneckand1etshimbreatheunderwater1ikeafish.More. HoWthedesireforaSimDiemi1kshakeStemSfromtheSarneDartOfthebrainthatdrivesadrnaddict'sCraVinC1 ToadsandnewtsinpondsacrossBritaintobetestedtomaospreadofki11erfunqusTherea1-1ifeversionhowevercou1dworkonamorefundamenta11eve1andchangeourDNAsothatwearemore1ikea1gae,whichactua11ygiveoffoxygeneventhoughtheyareontheseabed.ResearchersfromDa1housieUniversityinHa1ifax,Canada,foundthathumanDNAispackedwithhundredsofviruseswehaveabsorbedsincemankindcametobe.Theyapp1iedthistheorytosa1amandersbecausea1gaeoftengotstuckintheirembryos-andfoundthatsomesa1amandersare1itera11yparta1gae.Thea1gaedoesnot1eaveasthesa1amandergrows,meaningthatbythetimetheyarefu11yformedadu1ts,sa1amandersarepartp1ant.Itishopedthesameprocesswou1da11owustoswimwithoutcomingupforair-just1ikeHarryPotterinHarryPotterandtheGob1etofFireThediscoveryisthefirstdocumentedcaseofap1ant1ivinginpartnership,orsymbiosis,withavertebrate.Scientistshavesaidthatpotentia11yitcou1dmeanthatbioengineerscou1donedayusea1gaeasasourceofoxygenforotherorganismsthatitpairswith-inc1udinghumans.Suchajumpwou1drequiresubstantia1testingbutgivenwearevertebrates1ikesa1amanders,itispossib1e.1eadresearcherDrRyanKerneysaid:'Thea1gaeinsidetheeggcapsu1esprovideoxygentotheembryoandthea1gaegetswastefromtheembryowhichisrichinthenitrogenthep1antneeds.,Wea1sofounda1gaeDNAinthereproductiveorgansoftheadu1tsa1amanders,soitseemspossib1ethatitisbeinginherited.1Weca11thatvertica1transmission,butthereisprobab1yamixtureofthisandthea1gaebeingabsorbedfromtheenvironment.,Thestudywaspub1ishedinProceedingsoftheNationa1AcademyofSciences.