简单句 知识点整理学案.docx

简单句概念：只有一个主语或并列主语)和一个谓语或并列谓语)的句子叫简单句。一，根据句子的结构分类： 主谓 The sun is rising.The train has left.主系表 we are students.The fish has gone bad.主谓宾she is writing a letter. 主谓间接宾语+直接宾语 she gave me a book.He told us a lie. 主谓宾+宾补 he made US laugh.I hear someone singing. there be 句型 there is a book on the desk.There are 50 students in our class.二，根据句子作用分类：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感慨句L 陈述句用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法。肯定式My daughter has graduadted from school.否认式1) ,be和助动词will, , have情态动词can, shall, should后直接加not.Mike will not go there.2),行为动词,借助 don' t , doesn' t, didn' tShe didn' t come to school yesterday.3)注意：all both与not连用表半否认A these books are not mine.这些书并非都是我的。2,疑问句分为四种，一般疑问，特殊疑问，反义疑问，选择疑问。1，一般疑问句用yes, no来答复。Is she a teacher?Yes , she is.2),特殊疑问句When will you go to visit the Great Wall?Who is in the room?who 作主语Why don" t you？表建议3),反义疑问句分俩类：陈述句+疑问局部前肯定后否认；前否认后肯定He doesn' t like sports, does he?注意：前有否认词缀时，He dislikes sports, doesn,z t he?前含有 never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nothing,等否认词 时 ,He hardly knows English , does he? 前有 I don“ t think (believe, suppose, expect) , I don t think he can finish the work,can he? She thinks I can finish the work, doesnzz t she?肯定式+肯定疑问祈使句时Have a cup of tea , will you?Let' s go there, shall we?请对方证实Your bike is outside, is it?反义疑问句的答复，事实肯定用yes,事实否认用noJapan is in Europe ,isn" t it?No , it isn" t.Japan isn“ t in Europe,is it?No , it isn” t4),选择疑问句Do you go to work by bus or by bike?3,祈使句表示命令，请求，建议Get up.Come in, please.Don' t be afraid.Let' s go homeDon' t let the dog come into the room.4,感慨句HOW引导.修饰形容词或副词What引导修饰中心词是名词，前可能有形容词修饰How fluently he speaks English!What fine weather!注意冠词位置：What a moving story!How moving a story!三，句子成分主谓宾定状补，表，同位语1,主语句子所说的人和物We get up at six in the morning.2,谓语说明主语的动作或状态，动词充当He plays football on Sunday .3,宾语谓语动词的动作对象，介词后，或动词后The flood destroyed many houses.分俩种，指人的是直接宾语，指物的是间接宾语My parents gave me a present on my birthday.4,定语用来修饰名词，意思是“.的The book on the desk is mine.That is an interesting story.Is there anything that I can do for you?5,状语修饰动词，或形容词，或句子，表时间，地点，原因，目的，程度，结果等When I got to the station, the train had left,She comes here to borrow some books.6,宾语补足语位于宾语后，补充说明宾语The bad news made her sad.7,表语系动词后，We are happy.The music sounds nice.He became a teacher at the age of 20.8,同位语说明前面名词表示的具体内容We students must study hard.9, there be 句型注意主语后定语的结构There is a man waiting for you .There were 20 people killed in the accident.There is something important to deal with.辨析：There be：某地有某物Have：拥有There are 4 members in my family.I have a brother and a sister.简单句练习题一、 划分句子成分1. My brother hasn'tdonehishomework.ABC2. TheOId man WaS feelingVery tired.ABC3. She WaS the first to Iearn about it.AB CD4. There was a big SmiIe On her face.AB5. He began to Iearn EngliSh When he WaS young.AB CD6. X SaW Mr. Wang get On the bus.AB CD7. She found it difficult to do the work.ABCD E8. PeoPIe all OVer the WorId SPeak English.9. They CaIl me Lily sometimes.A BCDE10. She IOVeS the Iibrary because She Ic)VeS books.A B CD二、变换句型1. He did his homework last night.变否认句2. Robert is a student.变否认句3. It is cold on the moon at night.变一般疑问句4. We had a physics test IaSt WedneSday.就划线局部提问5. She has supper at six.变反意疑问句三、单项选择1. he gave you!A. what good adviceB. how good adviceC. what a good adviceD. how good advices2. didn' t you enjoy the performance last night?. it was less wonderful than expected.A. Yes, I did. B. Yes , I didn' tC .No ,1 didn' t D. No, I did3.It is the third time that Jhon has been late,?AHasn' t he B isn' t heC.Isn' t it D.hasn' t it4. Tom swimming in cold water.A. not likeB. likes notC. doesn' t like D. does like not5. wait a minute?A. shall youB. will youC. do you D. don' t you6. The suit' S finished?ADon' t it B. isn' t itC. Havent it D. dont you7. i don' t think he will come to our party?A. will he B. won' t heC. does he D. do i8. down the radio! The baby is asleep in the next room.A. Turning B. To turn C. Turning D. Turn9. since you have repaired my tv set,is no need for me to buy a new one.A. It B. there C. this D. that10. she set out soon after dark home an hour.A. ArrivingB. to arrive C. having arrived D. and arrived11. she dislike this skirt?A. Doesn' t sheB. doesn' t sheC. Isn' t sheD. is she12. is your father.he is a teacher in a middle school.A. What B. who C. which D. where13. how is your father? ?A . He is fine, thank you!B. He is only 40.C. He is a driverD. He likes football best.14. have you been away from home?I have been away from home for five months.A. How much B. how longC. What time D. when15. let' s take a rest,?A. Will weB.