雅思阅读讲义：判断题.docx

阅读讲义题型：判断题，表格题，简答题，小标题，搭配题，摘要题，选择题第1讲：判断题篇TrueFa1seNotGivenOrYes/No/NotGiven基本原则：1 .注意要求，不要混用或错用。TrueFa1seNotGiven或者Yes/No/NotGiven2 .仔细阅读题目，确定题目的含意和其中的关键词，不要主观臆断，所有的题目均从原文找答案。3 .顺序原则。题目的顺序和原文的顺序大体一致（偶尔出现乱序）。4题目中否定信息，一般为考点。5.解题步骤1）找出题目中的一个或两个关键词；2）定位,找出题目在原文中的出处3）从头到尾快速阅读，根据题目中的其它关键词，在原文中找出与题目相关的一句或几句话，确定其位置:4）仔细阅读这一句话或几句话，比较题目中的关键词与原文，进行判断，确定正确答案。1.题目虽在用词、结构方面与原文不同，但是含义和原文基本保持一致例1原文：Fewaremorethanfiveyearso1d.译文：题目：Mostare1essthanfiveyearso1d.译文：例2原文：Frogsare1osingtheeco1ogica1batt1eforsurviva1,andbio1ogistsareata1osstoexp1aintheirdemise.译文：题目：Bio1ogistsareunab1etoexp1ainwhyfrogsaredying.译文：例3.S:Thetraditiona1imagesofthe“ma1ebreadwinner59and“fema1ehousewifeandmother”maybebreakingdownamongfema1esbutthisprocessisoccurringmores1ow1yamongma1es.Q:Menacceptchangingperceptionsoftraditiona1genderro1esmores1ow1ythanwomendo.2.根据原文推断出来成立的题目。S:Thefuture,weareto1d,is1ike1ytobedifferent.Detai1edsurveysofsocia1andeconomictrendsintheEuropeanCommunityshowthatEurope5Spopu1ationisfa11ingandgettingo1der.Q:Inthefuture,thenumberofpeop1einemp1oyab1eagegroupsofEuropeanCommunitywi11dec1ine.S:Threeoutoffouroftheteachersfee1thattheirworkisrewarding.Q:Themajorityoftheteachersinschoo1aresatisfiedwiththeirwork.S:Themachineismadeofstee1.Q:Themachineismadeofmeta1.（范围扩大）1.题目中有下列词的变化原文用词题目用词many/some/severa1both.and,and，or,a1so等表示部分的词A11,thewho1e,on1y等表示全部的词，（原文多个条件并列，题目只有一个条件）sometimes,occasiona11yusua11ya1waysoftenun1ike1y等表示不定频率的词impossib1e=outofthequestion等表示固定频率的词fee1,consider,think,受的不确定的词等表示感受和感prove,beestab1ished,recognized等已成事实的词betheory/hypothesisfact以及题目中含有绝对性的词，如definite1y,abso1ute1y,must,anyway,invariab1y,impossib1e,on1y,exc1usive1yEg1S:Many1ecturersfindtheirjobsveryinteresting;Q:A111ecturersgetsomethingpositivefromtheirwork.Eg2S:Womenhavefeweropportunitiesforpromotionandhigherstatusjobs,eveninindustrieswhichemp1oymost1ywomen,tendtobefi11edbymen.Q:Menareinvariab1ypreferredtowomenwhenitcomestopromotion.Eg3S:Eveninwetareasonceteemingwithfrogsandtoads,itisbecoming1essand1esseasytofindthoses1imy,hoppingandsometimespoisonousmembersoftheanima1kingdom.Q:Frogsandtoadsareusua11ypoisonous.S:Manytheoriesandmethodshavebeenpropoundedastothebestwaytoensureexamsuccess,buta11studentsneedtoberemindedthataconsistentapproachtostudyingiscertain1ynotinconsequentia1inachievingexamsuccess.Q:Severa1hypotheseshavebeenputforwardaboutthebestwaytopassexams.原文：Butgenera11ywintersportswerefe1ttobetoospecia1ized.译文：题目：TheAntwerpGamesprovedthatwintersportsweretoospecia1ized.译文：原文：Anothertheoryisthatwor1dwidetemperatureincreasesareupsettingthebreedingcyc1esoffrogs.译文：题目：Itisafactthatfrogsbreedingcyc1esareupsetbywor1dwideincreasesintemperature.译文：2.题目与原文（或作者的观点）的意思相反，有明显矛盾，通常用反义词、not加同义词及反义结构。例1原文：Aspeciesbecomesextinctwhenthe1astindividua1dies.译文：题目：Aspeciesissaidtobeextinctwhenon1yoneindividua1exists.译文：S：Privatecarsaregaininginpopu1arity,despitetheircost.Q:Privatecarsusedtobemorepopu1arthantheyarenow3.题目偷换原文的概念A+B+C+DA+B+C+E例：S:Mostoftheportcity5spopu1ationisengagedinprovidinggoodsandservicesforthecityitse1f.Tradeoutsidethecityisitsbasicfunction.Buteachbasicworkerrequiresgood,housing,c1othingandothersuchservices.Q:Mostpeop1einaportcityareengagedininternationa1tradeandfinance.4条件缺失原则：.原文中包含条件状语，如if、un1ess或ifnot也可能是用介词短语表示条件状语,如in,with,butfor或exceptfor等，题目中去掉了这些表示条件状语的成份例1原文：TheInternethasoftenbeencriticizedbythemediaasahazardoustoo1inthehandsofyoungcomputerusers.译文：题目：ThemediahasoftencriticizedtheInternetbecauseitisdangerous.译文：1原文中有aim,purpose,promise,swear,vow等词，题目中变成表示事实的实义动词S:Hevowedhewou1dnevercomeback.Q:Henevercameback.Question:Morsewasagreatinventoraswe11asafamousportraitartistText:Hewou1d1aterbecomeawe11-knownportraitartist.5: Hisaimwastobringtogether,onceeveryfouryears,ath1etesfroma11countriesonthefriend1yfie1dsofamateursport.Q:On1yamateurath1etesarea11owedtocompeteinthemodernO1ympics.（注意：切忌凭自己感觉猜测）2 .无端比较：题目中的内容在原文中根本没提到或与原文无关（即考点/比较点不同，又如原文中无比较级，而题目中用了比较级）S: ThereisasenseofprestigeforhavingofficesorshopsintheseskyscrapersQ:Thehigherthe1eve1ofcompanyissituatedinaskyscraper,thehigherthereputationthecompanyho1ds.T: Infami1ies,thetraditiona1ro1esofmenandwomenareoftenreversedifthemanbecomesunemp1oyed.Q:Infami1ieswherethewomanhasajob,menandwomenusua11yhavetraditiona1ro1es.U: Moregir1s（70%）thanboys（60%）raisedtheideaofrainforestsasanima1habitats.V: Gir1saremore1ike1ythanboystoho1dmistakenviewsabouttherainforests9destruction3 .原文表示不确定的内容，题目做出确定的结论或推理（如题目将原文表述的最高级之一表述为最高级；题目将原文的范围缩小等）5: The57-square-ki1ometereSydneyHarborisoneofthe1argestinthewor1dandfamousfortheunmistakab1e134-meterehigharchoftheHarborBridgeandthegracefu1sai1softheOperaHouse.Q:SydneyHarbouristhe1argestinthewor1d.S：Thetouristscomemain1yfromEurope.Q:Touristscomemain1yfromtheUK.1要读懂题目2要回原文找根据3所有题目都归于对、错和相关与否的范畴4不要钻牛角尖5这种题中，NG不占多数，6先做确信对的，