高中英语细节理解题的实战技法.docx

细节理解题的实战技法1.快速定位法快速定位法指的是抓住题目中的关键信息用寻读的方法快速定位。典例 A working day for Dereck and Beverly starts very earlierat 4 : 30 in the morning!That 's when they get up and start filming.And it's a long daythey often work until 8:30 in the evening. In the winter it's very cold and in the summer it can be40. Dereck always does that.and she doesn't write. But Dereck never takes photographs or records the sound.They work very well as a team,and they both believe we should shoot animals with camerasnot with guns!Dereck and Beverly start working      A.at 4:30 in the morning B.at 4:30 in the afternoon   C.at 8:30 in the morning   D.at 8:30 in the evening2.选项排除法选项排除法是根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验,辨别真伪。典例 How do you remember the way to your house? Where do dreams come from? It is your brain(大脑)that does these things.A British scientist showed that “ sleep can improve one's memory”. It's not a dream for students to study when they sleep.In fact.your brain is working day and night.1f you learn words before bed. a certain part of the brain may help you to remember the words while you sleep. What's more，another scientist in the USA found that there was a “talent button(天才按钮)”in the human brain.It might make a person more talented.There are more interesting things about the brain. Your brain uses less energy than a fridge light.Just two bananas can give the brain enough energy to work for a whole day. According to some scientists.yawning（打哈欠)keeps our brains“cool”，which makes us think quicker.Here are some pieces of advice to keep a good brain:- Eat healthy food.- Get a lot of play time or exercise.- Don't drink or smoke. Use your brain a lot.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Our brains only work in the daytime. B.Our brains need much energy every day.   C.Smoking can keep our brains healthy.         D.Getting exercise is good for our brains.3.数字计算法数字计算题也是细节理解题的一种,数字计算法主要适用于该类题。该方法要求对文章中提到的数据进行简单的加减乘除运算,以便得出符合题目要求的数据。典例 When we cut down the rainforests，we destroy these forest people，too.In 1900，there were 1，000，000forest people in the Amazon forest.In 1980, there were only 200 ,000.The number of the people living in the Amazon forest in 1980 was     of that in 1900.A.half  B.one-third   C.two-fifths   D.one-fifth三、词义猜测题的实战技法1.通过构词法猜测词义阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生,转化或合成的新词,考生可以依据构词法方面的知识来猜测词义。典例They like different kinds of amusements. The Germans are very hard-working.They like tidiness，especially the women，who always keep their home clean.What does the underlined word“tidiness”mean in Chinese?A.整洁B.安静C.时尚D.随意2.利用标点符号猜测词义作者有时利用标点符号为一些生词直接提供定义或解释,这些符号无疑为考生理解或猜测生词词义提供了很好的线索,如破折号、引号等。考生在解题时要善于抓住这些线索。典例Bob works in a car factory near his home. He works very hard. He needs to work 8 hours everyday. He will be on the night shiftfrom midnight to 8 a.m.next day.What's the meaning of the underlined words?A.开夜车B.夜班C.熬夜D.晚上休息3.通过同义、反义关系猜测词义在生词所在的上下文中,有时会出现与之同义或反义的词语,这时可根据熟悉的词语的含义推知生词的含义。典例 In its first year of business.Diners Club issued 200 cards.The customers who got the cards from the Diners Club could use them at 27 different restaurants.Today . Diners Club has about 8 million customers.and they can use their cards in over 7.6million businesses in more than 200 countries.The underlined word“issued” here probably meansA.showed B.took C. borrowed D. provided4.通过定义、解释和举例猜测词义在阅读材料中,特别是新闻报道及科普类说明文中,生词后面往往用that is，mean，stand for,namely，refer to，in other words等或破折号引出说明性的内容,有时也用同位语、定语从句进行解释说明。还有些文章经常用例子来说明前面较难理解的词,这些例子可帮助考生准确猜测生词。文章举例时,常常会用一些连接词，如 : such as，like，for example等。典例 Why did he do it? Why did he break the law and endanger people's health? The answer is simple: He wanted to make more money.It was a moral failing，and this is at the heart of the food scandals in China.Too many people focus on making money and not on the effects their actions can have on others.It was a moral failing，and this is at the heart of the food scandals in China.Here what's the Chinese meaning of "moral failing”?A.精神崩溃 B.道德滑坡 C.质量下降 D.心理失衡5.根据释义猜词义释义常由定语从句或由is，or，that is ( to say ) , in other words , be called，be known as等词汇短语或破折号来表示。典例 It will be very hard but also very brittlethat is，it will break easily. What 's the Chinese meaning of“brittle”?A.强壮的 B.脆的 C.骄傲的 D.平静的6.通过上下文的联系猜测词义任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的,都与句子所在的段落及整篇文章有联系。因此,考生可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析,进而猜测词义。典例  As she grew older. she accepted who she was.Still. she wanted to find the missing piece of the puzzle. After finding out the place of her birthparents. Ida went to Korea in 2008.When she first arrived，she was surprised to see so many people who looked like her. However,apart from her looks，not much could be shared with others.she knew little about the culture，food，especially the language.Being in Korea wasn't always easy for her.What does the phrase“apart from”mean?A. except B.as for C. as well as D. besides四、推理判断题的实战技法1.抓住特定关键信息进行正向或逆