无灵主语-教师版(1).docx

读后续写无灵主语句非人称主语句采用“无灵主语”（inanimatesubject）,表示抽象概念、心理感觉、事物名称或时间地点等，但谓语却常常使用“有灵动词”（animateverb）表示人或社会团体的动作和行为，这类句子往往带有拟人化（PerSOnifiCatiOn）的修辞色彩。举个栗子：1）他想到一个好主意。Hehadagoodidea.AgoodideaOCCmTedtostmckhithim.2）夜幕降临，黑暗笼罩着森林。Nightapproaching,darknessru1edtheforest.3）我想不起他的名字了。Hisnameescapedme.Hisnamefai1edme.HisI1ameS1iPPedmymind.无灵主语优点：（-）运用无灵主语，突出人物的心理描写案例1Whatifhisghostshou1driseup,angryatthewayIwastreated?Thethoughtofitbroughtmenocomfort,buton1yagrowingterror.（简爱）评析：幼小的简爱寄养在舅父家中，舅舅去世后，简爱受尽舅妈和表兄的歧视和虐待。这句话以行为名词thethought为主语，用有灵动词brought作谓语动词的无灵主语句，更加具象地描写除了她内心的被迫与恐惧和无助。案例2Horrorandgriefgavewaytoagreatdesiretoseeher,butthenursewou1dnotto1etme.（简爱）评析：简爱被送入教规严厉的孤儿院后生活非常艰苦。最好的朋友He1en也在ICI斑疹伤寒中去世了。该句淋漓尽致地展现了简爱得知海伦被隔离后，想去看望好友遭到阻止时的复杂心情，小练1 .天越来越黑，越来越冷了，我的勇气消沉了。Itgrewdarkerandco1der,andmyCOUrawesank.2 .一想到要和费尔法斯太太一起回桑菲尔德过夜，我就厌烦了，于是我一路沿着墙久久徘徊。TheideaofgoingbacktoThornfie1dforaneveningwithMrs.Fairfaxboredme,andI1ingeredoverthewa11home3 .痛苦和绝望击垮了我，我倒在门阶上哭泣。我既没有希望，也没有勇气。Suffering_anddespair_defeatedme,andIfe11sobbingonthedoorstep.Ihadneitherhopenorcourageanymore.（二）运用无灵主语句，烘托主题场景描写NightJe112thewindgrewstrong,andthetreeCreakedandgroaned.AstormWaSgathering,butwestayedthereunti1thunderand1ighteningcrashed.Itwasmidnightwhenwereachedthehouse.（简爱）【练习】1 .天哪！什么叫声！及其可怕的尖叫声响彻夜空。Greatheavens!Whatacry!Themostappa11ing（骇人听闻的）_screamtorethroughthenight.2 .第二天，大雪席卷山谷，厚积成堆。黄昏时分，我点了火，坐着看书。A11thefo11owingday,snowsweptintotheva11eyand_1ay_indrifts.Intheeveningtwi1ight,I1itthefireandsatreading.无灵主语五大种类（Observe&Summarize）第1类PanicSeiZedher.她突然惊慌失措。Despairchokedherwords.她绝望得说不出话来。Fears1ow1ycreepsuponher.恐惧慢慢地蔓延到她身上。Summary1：主语是名词情感状态常见的谓语：seize（侵袭，突然控制）,we11up（涌出）,Choke（使哽咽），f1ood（涌入），comeover（不知不觉地产生），grip（紧抓），givewayto（被.代替）takeho1dof（握住）常见的抽象名词有：joy（高兴）、excitement（兴奋）、fear（恐惧）、anger（愤怒）、sorrow（悲伤）练习：1 .当主持人宣布她获奖时，她兴奋极了。Whenthehostannouncedthatshewontheprize,aWiIdexcitementtookho1dOfher.2 .她伤心不已。Sad1IeSSCameOVerher.3 .我兴奋得什么话也说不出来。EXCitementdeprivedmeOfa11powerofutterance. 第2类1i11Di11qhasWit1IeSSedgreatchangesinrecentyears.临平见证了最近几年的的巨大变化。Thefo11owingyearSaWthedeathofhismother.第二年他的妈妈去世了。Thetownboastsabeautifu11ake.这个镇引以为荣的是有个美丽的湖。Summary2：主语是表示名词时间和地点常见的谓语：WitneSS（见证），find,see,boast（有引以为荣的事物）等。练习：黄昏时候，小男孩还在离家很远的地方。NiBhtfaI1foundtheboySti11a1ongWayOffhome. 第3类Thethickfogb1anketedthefie1d.浓雾笼罩着整个大地。Thebitterweatherhaddriveneveryoneindoors由于天气寒冷，大家都躲进了室内。Summary3：主语是表示等名词气候环境常见谓语：b1anket,come,bring,prevent,strike,hit,threaten等词。练习：这个城市刚下过一场大雨.AheavyrainjustViSitedthecity.第4类HerfaceIitepbhteedwhenIgaveherthepresent.我给她礼物时，她的脸上焕发出了光彩。1aughter1ingeredaroundtheroom.笑声在房间里萦绕。Whenhesawthefami1iarhandwritine,tearsWe11ednpinhiseyes.他一看到熟悉的字迹,便热泪盈眶。Summary4:主语是表示的名词身体部位和音容常见的谓语：IightUP（照亮）,brighten（照亮）,1inger（继续存留）,we11up（涌出）,f1ash（闪现）常见的名词：face脸，1aughter笑声练习：1 .看到直升飞机，Jane高兴地笑了起来。Themomentshecaughtsightofthehe1icopter,abrightSmiIeIitupJane,sface/eyes.Themomentshecaughtsightofthehe1icopter,Jane'seyes/faceIitupwithde1ight.2 .他皱起了眉。AfrownStOodonhisface.第5类Aterrib1ethoughtSUddeII1yStr11Ckme.我突然想到一个可怕的想法。TheSiChtOftheSCeiIeStUmIedme.想到这个情景我是我震惊（stun）。Summary5:主语是表示的名词行为动作常见的名词有：sight,thought,g1ance,1ook,idea,fee1ing等。常见谓语：strike,arouse（唤起），remind,de1ight,frighten,stun（使震惊）,OVerWheIm（压倒）等词。练习：这个故事使我想起了一句谚语“不能以貌取人”。ThiSStOryremindsmeOfaSayi11gthat“NeverjudgeaPerSO1Ibyhisappearance”.牛刀小试请把下列有灵主语句改为无灵主语句。1. Hefe1tveryanxious.Anxietytore（撕裂）himintopieces.2. Hefe1tsorrowfu1.Achi11of_sorrow_sudden1ysweptoverhim.3. IwassoastonishedthatIcou1dn,tsayasing1eword.Astonishment,deprived（使丧失）meofmypowerofspeech.4. Atdusk,hewascryinginthestreet.Dusk_witnessedhimcryinginthestreet.5.1forgothisnameatthemoment.HiSI1amnescaped/fai1ed（被忘掉,被忽视）meatthemoment.6.Hesudden1y1osthisconfidencewhenhehadtospeak.HiSCor1fidCnCeSUddenIVbetrayed/abaIIdo11ed（背离，使失望）himwhenhehadtospeak.7.11osta11mycourage.Mycouragedeserted（遗弃，抛弃）me.读后续写练习阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。ATurning-pointPartyTheco1dsnowwasfa11ingasKe11ystrugg1edhomefromschoo1inDecember.Howmuchshehatedthesnow-andeverythinge1seaboutPinetree,AVyoming,America.HowmuchshemissedThai1and!”Ihateithere!Iwanttogohome!”Ke11ythought.Shereachedforasma11whiteenve1opeinherpocket.InitwasaninvitationtoJennifer,sparty:Ke11ydidn,twanttogo.Shefe1tawkwardatthethoughtofbeingatapartywithabunchofkidsshebare1yknew.Shec1osedhereyesandrememberedthistimeofyearpeop1ewou1dho1dafestiva1tothanktheMotherofWaterinThai1and,Theyusedbanana1eavestomakea1itt1eboatwithacand1e1itinit,madeawishforthecomingyearandsettheboatf1oatingontheriver.Ke11ysighedandpushedopenthedoortoherparents,restaurant.Theywerebusyworking.MaybeIshou1dgojustthisonceforMamaandPapa.Theyaresoworriedthatmnotmakinganyfriends.Ke11ywentoverandtiedanapronaroundherwaist.Asshewaswashingdishes,sheto1dhermotherthatshehadbeeninvitedtoaparty