病理学和病理生理学：英文整理.docx

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1、Infirmity病痛Complete well-being完好状态Sub-health亚健康Homestasis control自稳调节Symptom症状Sign体征Pathologic process病理过程Etiology病因学Etiology agent病因Genetic predisposition遗传易感性Infective agents感染性因素Physical and chemical agents理化因素Genetic factors遗传因素Congenital factors先天因素Immunological factors免疫因素Psychological factors

2、心理因素Predisposing factors条件Precipitating factor诱因/诱发因素Dangerous factor危险因素Pathogenesis发病学Vicious cycle恶性循环Complete recovery完全康复Incomplete recovery不完全康复Agonal stage濒死Stage of clinical death临床死亡Stage of biological death生物学死亡Vegetative state植物学二人Resuscitation复苏Adaptation适应Atrophy萎缩Lipofuscin脂褐素Autophagi

3、c vacuoles自噬泡Residual body残余体Cachexia恶病质Hypertrophy肥大Hyperplasia增生Keloid瘢痕疙瘩Metaplasia化生Squamous metaplasia鳞状上皮化生Instestinal metaplasia肠上皮化生Myositis ossificans骨化性肌炎Degeneration变性Cellular swelling细胞水肿Hydropic degeneration水变性Fatty degenerationFatty changeFatty liverHyaline changeHyaline degenerationAr

4、teriolosclerosisAmyloid changeAmyloidosisMucoid changeMucoid degenerationPathologic pigmentationHemosiderinHeart failure cellMelaninDOPA ClihytroxyphenylalaninePathologic calcificationDystrophic calcificationMetastatic calcificationCell deathNecrosisPyknosis脂肪变性脂肪变脂肪肝玻璃样变透明变性细动脉硬化症淀粉样变性淀粉样物质沉着粘液样变粘液

5、样变性病理性色素沉着含铁血黄素心衰细胞黑色素多巴病理性钙化营养不良性钙化转移性钙化细胞死亡坏死核浓缩核碎裂KaryorrhexisKaryolysis核溶解Coagulative necrosis凝固性坏死Liquefactive necrosis液化性坏死Caseous necrosis干酪样坏死Gangrene坏疽Dry gangrene干性坏疽Wet gangrene湿性坏疽Gas gangrene气性坏疽Fat necrosis脂肪坏死Fibrinoid necrosis纤维素样坏死Erosion糜烂Ulcer溃疡Cavity空洞Sinus窦道Fistula瘦管Organization

6、机化Encapsulation包裹Apoptosis凋亡Programmed cell death程序性细胞死亡Apoptotic bodies凋亡小体Caspase半光天冬酶Morphogenesis形态发生RepairRegenerationLabile cellStable cellsPermanent cellsGranulation tissueMyofibroblastScar tissueNeovascularizationVasculogenesisAnigeogenesisWound healingBone fractureFacture healingProvisional

7、 callusWoven boneHyperemiaArterial hyperemiaActive hyperemiaVenous hyperemiaPassive hyperemia修复再生不稳定细胞稳定细胞永久性细胞肉芽组织肌纤维母细胞瘢痕组织血管新生血管形成血管新生创伤愈合骨折骨折愈合暂时性骨痂编织骨充血动脉性充血主动性充血静脉性充血 被动性充血肺淤血Pulmonary congestionHear failure cell心力衰竭细胞Brown induration of lung肺褐色硬变Congestion of liver肝淤血Nutmeg liver槟榔肝Congestive

8、 sclerosis of liver淤血性肝硬化Thrombosis血栓形成Thrombus血栓Disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC弥漫性血管内凝血Mural thrombus附壁血栓Hyaline thrombus透明血栓Microthrombus微血栓Recanalization再通Embolism栓塞Embolus栓子Paradoxical embolism反常性栓塞Crossed exbolism交叉性栓塞Retrograde embolism逆行性栓塞Thromboembolism血栓栓塞Saddle embolism骑跨性栓塞Fat

9、 embolism脂肪栓塞Gas embolism气体栓塞Decompression sickness减压病Caisson disease沉箱病Amniotic fluid embolism羊水栓塞Infarct梗死Anemic infarct贫血性梗死Hemorrhagic infarct出血性梗死Septic infarct败血性梗死Cell proliferation细胞增殖First gap phaseGl期DNA合成前期Synthetic phaseS期DNA合成期Second gap phaseG2期DNA合成后期Mitotic phase有丝分裂期Pro-phase前期Metap

10、hase中期Anaphase后期Telophase末期CDKs cyclin depend kinase周期素依赖性蛋白激酶CyclinCAKCDK活化激酶CDI cyclin dependent kinase inhibitorCDK抑制因子Restrinction point限定点增殖细胞核抗原PCNA proliferating cell nuclear antigenPT primary thrombocytosis原发性血小板增多症MPD骨髓增殖性疾病Cell differentiation细胞分化Determination细胞决定House keeping genes管家基因Pul

11、monary fibrosis肺纤维化Morbid obesity肥胖症Acute promyelocytic leukemia急性早幼粒细胞白血病Necrosis坏死Apoptosis凋亡Blebbing空泡化Condensation固缩Apoptotic body凋亡小体DR death receptor死亡受体Death domain死亡结构域DED Death effector domain死亡效应结构域MPT mitochondrial permeability transition pore 线粒体内外膜之间通透性转运孔Holoenzyme全酶Apoptosome凋亡体Apopto

12、sis-inducing factor AIF凋亡诱导因子ICAD inhibitor of CADCAD抑制物CADDNA酶活化Signal transduction system/ cell signaling system信号转导系统Receptor-mediated signal transduction system受体介导的细胞转导系统Ligand配体Endocrine内分泌Paracrine旁分泌Autocrine自分泌Intracrine内在分泌Receptor受体Cytoplasmic/nuclear receptor胞内受体/核受体Surface/membrane rece

13、ptor细胞表面/膜受体Ion-Channel-Iinked receptors离子通道型受体G-protein coupled receptors GPCRG蛋白偶联受体Enzyme-Iinked receptor酶偶联受体Signaling protein信号转到蛋白Cross-talk交互通话Signaling network信号网络系统Signaling complex信号转导复合物Binding domain结合域SH2 Src homology 2 domainSrc同源2结合域PTB phosphotyrosine-binding domain磷酸化酪氨酸结合域SH3 Src homology 2 domainPKA cAMP-dependent protein kinase激酶CREB cAMP response element-binding protein结合蛋白CBP CREB-binding proteinCRE cAMP response elementPLC- B phospholipase C- PIP2IP3DAGPKC protein kinase CCalmodulinAdaptation/desensitizationGRPKs G-protein-linked receptor k