03定语从句.docx

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1、语法精讲一定语从句北京四中孙玲定语从句基本规则1做题原则：1.找2.看在中做什么成分。2 .介词后不能用that指物，而应用;不能用who指人,而应用.3 .不用于非限制性定语从句。4 .关系代词如果指代的是整个主句，应用5 .关系代词+介词=I.定语从句关联词1.关系代词（六个）作用：D把主句和从句连接起来；.2）在从句中代替它前面的先行词；.3）在从句中充当句子成分。i.that和which1.在定语从句中必须用that的情况1）当先行词是不定代词much,1itt1e,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone时你还有什么为自己辩解

2、的吗？Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourse1f? 2）当先行词前面被theon1y,thevery,any,few,1itt1e,no,a11等词修饰时，如1.Becauseofmypoormemory,a11youto1dmehasbeenforgotten. A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as 2.Thisisthevery1ettercame1astnight. A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as3）当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时，如Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedaga

3、instpo11ution.4）.当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时，如：Thetrainisthe1astthatwi11gotoSuzhou.5）.当先行词既有人又有物时Doyouknowthepersonsandthingsthattheyareta1kingabout?6）当主句的主语是Whieh或Who时Whichisthebikethatyou1ost?.7）.有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which,另外一个宜用that,如Theysecret1ybui1tupasma11factory,whichproducedthingsthatcou1dcausepo11uti

4、on.8）当先行词在主句中做表语，而关系代词在从句中也做表语时，Shanghaiisno1ongerthecitythatitusedtobe.2.在定语从句中必须用WhiCh的情况1）.在非限定性定语从句中，只用which,不用thatDorothywasa1waysspeakinghigh1yofherro1einthep1ay,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what.2).当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用WhiCh,不用that Theinventionshespent2yearswi11dogoodtothewor1d

5、. A.whichB.thatC.onwhichD.when边讲边练 1.Isthereanythingyoudon,tunderstandabouttheprob1em? 2.Hewas1atefortheopeningceremony,wasverysurprisingtome.3.关系代词Who/whom/WhoSC 1).在定语从句中作主语用,一省略 2).在定语从句中作宾语用,一省略 3).在定语从句中作定语用,一省略表示某人的whose=ofwhom表示某物的whose=ofwhichThisisthehousewhosewindowbroke1astnight.=Thisisth

6、ehouse,thewindowofwhichbroke1astnight.=Thisisthehouse,ofwhichthewindowbroke1astnight.边讲边练用关系代词who,whom,that或WhOSC填空 1.1uXun,rea1namewasZhouShuren,wrotemanypo1itica1nove1sandessays. 2.Themanyoumetjustnowismyo1dfriend. 3.Themaniswa1kingonthep1aygroundismyo1dfriend.4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句-1).介词放在关系代词前,关系代词只

7、能用WhiCh或Whom,关系代词不能省略。IsthisthehouseinwhichShakespearewasborn?Inthedarkstreet,therewasn,tasing1epersontowhomshecou1dturnforhe1p.2).在限定性定语从句中，当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用that/WhiCh(物),that/Whom/who(指人)作介词的宾语，且关系代词可以省略。Thisistheherothat/Who/whomWeareproudof.Thisisthepenthat/whichIwrotethe1etterwith.5 .关系副词WhCI,whe

8、re,Wh1howIsti11rememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.Doyouknowthereasonwhyheisabsent?That,sthewayhowI1earnEng1ish.6 .关系代词和关系副词区别when=in,at,during+whichwhere=in,at,on,under+whichwhy=for+whichhow=in+which1.Doyourememberthosedayswespenta1ongth

9、eseashoreveryhappi1y?A.whenB.whereCAD.who2.Don,tforgetthedayyouenteredBeijingNo.4HighSchoo1. A.thatB.whenC.atwhichD.where 3.After1ivinginParisfor40yearshereturnedtothesma11townhegrewupasachi1d.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when边讲边练用that,when,why,where,which填空 1.1wanttoknowthedateyouwereborn. 1.1wanttoknowth

10、edatewhenyouwereborn. 2.1haverememberedthenameIIbrgotjustnow. 2.1haverememberedthenamewhich/thatIforgotjustnow. 3.Doyouknowthereasonheisabsenttoday? 4.ThatisthereasonIwanttoknow.限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句区别 限定性：对先行词起修饰限制作用非限定性：对先行词起补充说明作用，先行词与定语从句有逗号隔开.Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebatt1e,wasunexpecte

11、d.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.itIII.先行词对定语从句中的动词的制约.1).oneof+复数名词+关系代词+动词复数 HeisoneoftheteacherswhoknowFrenchinourschoo1.theon1yoneof+复数名词+关系代词+动词单数 Heistheon1yoneoftheteacherswhoknowsFrenchinourschoo1. 3)nottheon1yoneof.=oneof. Tomisn,ttheon1yoneoftheboyswhohavepassedtheexam.=Tomisoneoftheboyswhohavepassedtheexam. 4).I,whoamyourfriend,wi11he1pyoucertain1y. 5).Hehaspassedtheco11egeentranceexam,whichmakeshisparentsquitehappy.