【行业报告】世界银行-保护谁?:有限信息冲击下的最优社会保护对策(英)-2023.5_市场营销策划_.docx
《【行业报告】世界银行-保护谁?:有限信息冲击下的最优社会保护对策(英)-2023.5_市场营销策划_.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《【行业报告】世界银行-保护谁?:有限信息冲击下的最优社会保护对策(英)-2023.5_市场营销策划_.docx(34页珍藏版)》请在第一文库网上搜索。
1、ProtectingWho?Optima1Socia1ProtectionResponsestoShockswith1imitedInformationCar1osOspinoHernandez,Jame1eRigo1ini,SarahCo11-B1ackandAnaMariaOviedoWor1dBank.Contactauthor:Jame1eRigo1ini,TheWor1dBank,1818HSt.NW,Washington,DC20433.Emai1:irigo1iniWOr1dbank.orv.Theauthorswou1d1iketothank1eonardo1ucchettia
2、ndTomBundervoetfortheirguidanceinmode1inggovernmentresponsesinNorthMacedoniaandMo1dova,respective1y,EdithZinkforthesupportwiththesimu1ationsforMo1dova,andJavierBaezzPhi11ippe1eite,CemMeteandRomanZhukovskyifortheirva1uab1ecomments.Thisana1ysiswassupported,inpart,throughatrustfundfromtheG1oba1Faci1ity
3、forDisasterReductionandRecovery.JE1C1assification:D6,H5,13,Q5.Keywords:Socia1Protection,AdaptiveSocia1Protection,DisasterRiskManagement,COVID-19,Targeting.1. IntroductionTheCOVID-19pandemicspurredamassivewaveofsocia1protectionresponsesacrosstheg1obe.ByJanuary2023zabout3z800socia1protectionand1aborme
4、asureshadbeenannouncedorimp1ementedin223countriestohe1ppeop1ecopewiththeeconomicdownturncausedbythehea1themergencyandtheensuingpub1ichea1thcontainmentmeasures(Genti1inieta1.2023),amountingto2percentofcountries/GDPonaverage.G1oba11y,socia1assistancemakesup61percentoftheseresponsemeasures,fo11owedbysu
5、pp1y-side1abormarketprograms(20percent)andsocia1insurance(19percent).Cashandfoodtransfers,pensionwithdrawa1s,extendedunemp1oymentbenefits,wagesubsidies,andworksharingarrangementsaresomeofthemostcommonpo1icyinstrumentsgovernmentsdep1oyedinanefforttoreachdifferentgroupsthatwereaffectedbythepandemic,fr
6、omforma1sectorworkerstopoorandvu1nerab1eindividua1swhodonotworkorwereactiveintheinforma1sector.Increasing1y,studiesareassessingtheadequacyandimpactsoftheseemergencysocia1protectionmeasures,butsofar1itt1eisknownabouttheirefficiency.Reviewsofthesocia1assistanceresponsetotheCOVID-19pandemicmost1yexamin
7、ethetargetpopu1ation,coveragerates,adequacyofbenefitsandspeedoftheresponseandhigh1ightgapsincoverageandweaknessesinde1iverysystems.Seeforexamp1eBastag1iand1owe(2023).Genti1ini(2023)a1sodiscussestrendswithintheg1oba1cashtransfersresponsetotheCOVID-19pandemic.Name1y,therehasbeenscantdebateaboutwhether
8、theresponsesdep1oyedtocounterthepandemic-inducedcrisiswerethemostappropriateandcost-effective,a1thoughnewevidencesuggeststherewereconsiderab1einefficiencieswithinspecificprograms.Autoreta1.(2023),forinstance,1ookatthertPaycheckProtectionProgramwintheUSandfindthatwhi1etheprogramwasdep1oyedswift1yandh
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