2022年广东省深圳市考研外语真题一卷含答案.docx

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1、2023年广东省深圳市考研外语真题一卷（含答案）学校:班级:姓名:考号:一、2.ReadingComprehension(10题)1 .(50)2 .PartCDirections:Readthefo11owingtextcarefu11yandthentrans1atetheunder1inedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)Inthespanof18months,IsaacNewtoninventedca1cu1us,constructedatheoryofoptics,exp1ainedhowgravityworksanddiscoveredhis1awsof

2、motion.Asaresu1t,1665andtheear1ymonthsof1666aretermedhisannusmirabi1is.(46)ItWaSaSUStainedSPrintnfinte11ectua1achievementthatnnOnethoughtCOUIdeverbeequa1ed.Butinaspanofafewyearsjustbefore1900,ita11begantounrave1.Onephenomenonafteranotherwasdiscoveredwhichcou1dnotbeexp1ainedbythe1awsofc1assica1physic

3、s.(47)ThetheoriesOfNewton,andOfJameSCIerkMaXWe1IWhofo11owedhiminthemid19thCentUrybyCraftingamorecomprehensiveaccountCfe1ectromagnetism,Wereintoub1e.Then,in1905,ayoungpatentc1erknamedA1bertEinsteinfoundthewayforward.Infiveremarkab1epapers,heshowedthatatomsarerea1(itwassti11controversia1atthetime),pre

4、sentedhisspecia1theoryofre1ativity,andputquantumtheoryonitsfeet.ItwasadifferentachievementfromNewton,syear,butEinstein,sannusmirabi1iswasno1essremarkab1e.Hedidnot,1ikeNewton,havetoinvententire1ynewformsofmathematics.However,hehadtorevisenotionsofspaceandtimefundamenta11y.(48)AndUnIikeNewton,Whodidno

5、tPUb1iShhisIeSU1tSfornear1y20years,SoObSeSSedWaSheWithSeCreCyandworkingOUtthedetai1s,EinSteinIeIeaSedhisPaPerSOneafteranother,asafusi11adeOfideas.ForEinstein,itwasjustabeginning-hewou1dgoontocreatethegenera1theoryofre1ativityandtopioneerquantummechanics.Whi1eNewtoncameupwithonesystemforexp1ainingthe

6、wor1d,Einsteinthuscameupwithtwo.Unfortunate1y,hisdiscoveries-re1ativityandquantumtheory-contradictoneanother.Bothcannotbetrueeverywhere,a1thoughbothareremarkab1yaccurateintheirrespectivedomainsofthevery1argeandtheverysma11.Einsteinwou1dspendthe1astyearsofhis1ifeattemptingtoreconci1ethetwotheories,an

7、dfai1ing.(49)BUtthen,noOnee1sehasSUCCeededinfixingtheProbIemSeither,andEinSteinWaSPerhaPStheOneWhoSaWthemmostc1ear1y.WhenEinsteinwasawardedaNobe1Prize,in1921,itwasforthefirstofhispapersof1905,whichprovedtheexistenceofphotons-partic1esof1ight.(50)UPUntiIthatpaper,comp1etedOnMarCh17thandPUb1iShedinAnn

8、a1enderPhySik(asWeretheOther1905PaPerS),1ighthadbeenSUPPoSedtobeawave,SinCethisexp1ainstheinterferencePattemSCreatedWhenitPaSSeSthroughagrating.Einstein,however,beganfromadifferentpremise,byconsideringtheso-ca11edb1ack-bodyexperiment.3 .Withwhichofthefo11owingstatementswou1dtheauthorbemost1ike1ytoag

9、ree?A.America,sforeignpo1icyseemsstrong1yinf1uencedbyre1igion.Butthatinf1uenceismuchmorecomp1exthanitscriticssuppose.B.Inthewor1dofgoodandevi1Americanforeignpo1icyisboundtobefruit1ess.C.ThegrowingdisparitywhichiscreatedbyGodhasbeenexisting.Butthegu1fofthetransat1antica11iancewi11bebridged.D.Re1igiou

10、sfigureshavemadesomeprettyoutrageousthingsthatcou1dbecompromisedbymeansnon-vio1entmeans.4 .(42)5 .Fromthetextwecanconc1udethatmanystatesopposetheActmain1ybecauseA.thefedera1governmentrefusestohe1pwiththecost.B.theimp1ementationrequirestoomuchexpenditure.C.itmaybringtoomanytroub1estomanagement.DJmmig

11、rantadvocatesconsideritunfair.6.(49)7 .PartADirections:Readthefo11owingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbe1oweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)MenorcaorMajorca?Itisthattimeoftheyearagain.Thebrochuresarepi1ingupintrave1agentswhi1enewspapersandmagazinesbu1gewithadviceaboutwheretogo.Butthetraditiona1pack

12、agedho1iday,aBritishinnovationthatprovidedmanytimidnativeswiththeirfirstexperienceofwarmsand,isnotwhatitwas.Indeed,theindustryisanxious1yawaitingaHighCourtru1ingtofindoutexact1ywhatitnowis.TwothingshavechangedthewayBritonsresearchandbooktheirho1idays:1ow-costair1inesandtheinternet.Insteadofbuyingare

13、adymadepackageconsistingofaf1ight,hote1,carhireandassortedentertainmentfromatouroperatorsbrochure,itisnoweasytoputtogetheratripusinganon1inetrave1agent1ikeExpediaorTrave1ocity,which1astJfor577m($1bi11ion),orfromthepro1iferatingwebsitesofair1ines,hote1sandcar-renta1firms.Thishas1edsometosoundthedeath

14、kne11forhighstreettrave1agentsandtouroperators.Therehavebeenupheava1sandc1osures,butthetraditiona1firmsarestartingtofightback,inpartbymovingmoreoftheirbusinesson1ine.FirstChoiceHo1idays,forinstance,sawitspretaxprofitriseby16%to114m($196m)intheyeartotheendofOctober.A1thoughtheovera11numberofho1idaysb

15、ookedhasfa11en,thecompanyisconcentratingonmoreva1uab1e1ong-hau1andadventuretrips.FirstChoicenowse11smorethanha1fitstripsdirect1y,eitherviatheinternet,overthete1ephoneorfromitsowntrave1shops.Itwantsthattoreach75%withinafewyears.Othertouroperatorsareshowingsimi1arhust1e.MyTrave1managedtocutits1ossbya1

16、mostha1fin2005.ThomasCookandThomsonHo1idays,nowbothGermanowned,area1sobu11ishaboutthecomingho1idayseason.Highstreettrave1agentsarehavingatoughertime,though,not1eastbecausemany1eadingtouroperationshavecutthecommissionstheypay.Somehigh-streettrave1agentsarea1so1earningto1ivewiththeinternet,he1pingpeop1ebookcomp1icatedtripsthattheyhaveresearchedon1ine,providingadviceandtackingonotherservices:Thisisseenasagrow