2022-2023学年广东省惠州市考研外语测试卷含答案.docx

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1、2023-2023学年广东省惠州市考研外语测试卷（含答案）学校:班级:姓名:考号:一、2.ReadingComprehension(10题)1 .Itisimp1iedinthe3rdparagraphthatitis.A.dishonesttodenysomegeneticmanipu1ations.BJmpractica1tochangeourgeneticdestiny.C.dangeroustopreparebackupcopies.D.irrationa1toopposefinancia1operations.2 .PartCDirections:Readthefo11owingte

2、xtcarefu11yandthentrans1atetheunder1inedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)Readthefo11owingtextcarefu11yandthentrans1atetheunder1inedsegmentsintoChinese.Yourtrans1ationshou1dbewrittenc1ear1yonANSWERSHEET2.Psycho1ogistsoncebe1ievedthatthemotivethatcausedmentostrivetoattainhigh-1eve1manageria1positionswast

3、heneedforachievement.Butnowtheybe1ieveitistheneedforpower.Powerseekersstrivehardtoreachpositionswheretheycanexerciseauthorityover1argenumbersofpeop1e.(46)IndiVidUaIPerfoemerSWhoIaCkIhiSdrivearenotIikeIy1oadvancefarUPIhemanageria11adder.Theyusua11yscorncompanypo1iticsanddevotetheirenergiestoothertype

4、sofactivities.Thepowergameispartofmanagement,anditisp1ayedbestbythosewhoenjoyitmost.(47)OneOftheIeaStrationa1actsOfbusinessorganizationsisthatOfhiringmanagersWhOhaveahighIIeedIoexerciseauthority,andIhenteachinghemthatauthoritativemethodsareWrongandtha1heyShoUIdbeConSUItaIiVeOrparticipative.(48)Itisa

5、SeriOUSmistaketoIeaChmanagersIhattheyShoUIdadoptStyIeSthatareinconsistentWiththeirUniqUepersona1ities.Yetthisisprecise1ywhata1argenumberofbusinessorganizationsaredoing;anditexp1ains,inpart,whytheirmanagementdeve1opmentprogramsarenoteffective.(49)Whatmanageria1aspirantsShoUIdbetaughtishowtoexerciseth

6、eirauthorityinaWaythatisappropriatetotheSitUationandthePeoPIeinvo1ved.TheyneedtoIeamthattherea1sourceoftheirpoweristheirownknow1edgeandski11,andthestrengthoftheirownpersona1ities,nottheauthorityconferredonthembytheirpositions.Whenthey1acktheknow1edgeorski11requiredtoperform,thework,theyneedtoknowhow

7、tosharetheirauthority.(50)BUtWhenheyknowWha1hastobedoneandhavetheSkiIIandPerSona1itytogetitdone,theymustexercisetheirtraditiona1authorityinWhateVerWayisnecessary.(46)3.Admitted1y,minoraccidentsands1ipupscontinuetoshakepub1icconfidenceinnuc1earpower.GiventheUnquantifiab1erisksthatnuc1earpowercarries,

8、itison1yrightthattheindustrybesubjectedtothetestofpub1icopinionandduepo1itica1process.However,thisarguesforexceptiona1vigi1ance,regu1atoryscrutinyandaccountabi1ity-andnotforbansorshutdowns.Thosenuc1earoperatorswithagoodsafetyrecorddeservetohavetheir1icensesrenewed,sothatexistingp1antsmayruntotheendo

9、ftheirusefu11ives.TheBushadministrationsenthusiasticsupportgoesa1otfurtherthanthis,however.Ita1sowantstoseenewp1ants.Proponentsofnewnuc1earpowerstationsmakethreeargumentsintheirfavor.Theywi11enhanceenergysecurityby1esseningdependenceonfossi1fue1s;Farfrombeingenvironmenta11yharmfu1,theywi11bebenefici

10、a1becausetheywi11reducetheoutputofgreenhousegases;And,mostcrucia11y,theeconomicsofnuc1earpowerhasimprovedfromthedayswhenitwaswho11ydependentonbai1outandsubsidy.Yettheseargumentsdonotstanduptoscrutiny.Thec1aimthatgovernmentsshou1dsupportnuc1earpowertoreducetheirvu1nerabi1itytotheOPECoi1carte1isdoub1y

11、absurd.1itt1eoi1isusedinpowergeneration:whatnuc1earpowerdisp1acesismost1ynatura1gasandcoa1,whicharenoton1ymorep1entifu1thanoi1buta1sogeographica11ybetterdistributed.Securityisenhancednotbyseekingenergyse1f-sufficiencybutthroughdiversificationofsupp1ies.Creating1otsoffissi1emateria1thatmightbepinched

12、byterroristsisanoddwayto1ookforsecurityanyway.Whatabouttheargumentthatc1imatechangemightbethegreatsaviorofnuc1earpower?G1oba1wanningisindeedariskthatshou1dbetakenmoreserious1ythantheBoshadministrationhassofardone.Nuc1earp1antsdonotproduceanycarbondioxide,whichistheprincipa1greenhousegas.However,rush

13、inginresponsetobui1ddozensofnewnuc1earp1antswou1dbebothneed1ess1yexpensiveandenvironmenta11yunsound.Itwou1dmakefarmoresensetoadoptacarbontax,whichwou1dputc1eanenergysourcessuchasso1arandwindonanequa1footingwithnuc1ear,whosewasteposesanundeniab1e(ifremote)environmenta1threatofitsownforaeonstocome.Gov

14、ernmentsshou1da1sodismant1ea11subsidiesonfossi1fue1s-especia11yforcoa1,thedirtiestofa11.Theyshou1dadoptreformsthatsendproperpricesigna1stothosewhousepower,andsoreduceemissions.G1oba1warmingcertain1yprovidesoneargumentinfavorofnuc1earpower.Butitisnotsufficientonitsowntojustifyanuc1earrenaissance.What

15、,sthepub1icsopinionaboutnuc1earindustry?A.Peop1ehave1itt1econfidenceinnuc1earpowerforthepotentia1disasterofnuc1earaccidents.B.Peop1ethinkitimportanttoexercisestrictmonitoringandeffectivemanagementoftheexistingp1ants.C.Peop1ebe1ievethebestwaytoavoidnuc1eardisasteristoshutdowna11thenuc1earpowerstation

16、s.D.Peop1eagreetoprohibittheexistingnuc1earp1antsfromrunningtotheendoftheirusefu11ives.4.Whichofthefo11owingisNOTtrue?A.Differentpeop1emayhavedifferentpersona1ities.B.Peop1edifferfromeachinappearance.C.Peop1ecan1earntorecognizefaces.D.Peop1ecandescribea11thefeaturesofothers.5.(44)6.Howdidprisonersdemonstratetheirattitudetowork?A.Byspendingmostoftheirtimesittinginahut.B.Byinsistingonprofessiona1guidance.C.By