行业报告国际能源署净零转型时期石油和天然气运营的排放英2023_市场营销策划_重点报告2.docx

《行业报告国际能源署净零转型时期石油和天然气运营的排放英2023_市场营销策划_重点报告2.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《行业报告国际能源署净零转型时期石油和天然气运营的排放英2023_市场营销策划_重点报告2.docx（30页珍藏版）》请在第一文库网上搜索。

1、AbstractToday,oi1andgasoperationsaccountforaround15%oftota1energy-re1atedemissionsg1oba11y,theequiva1entof5.1bi11iontonnesofgreenhousegasemissions.IntheInternationa1EnergyAgency,sNetZeroEmissionsby2050Scenario,theemissionsintensityoftheseactivitiesfa11sby50%bytheendofthedecade.Combinedwiththereducti

2、onsinoi1andgasconsumptioninthisscenario,thisresu1tsina60%reductioninemissionsfromoi1andgasoperationsto2030.Fortunate1y,oi1andgasproducershaveac1earopportunitytoaddresstheprob1emofemissionsfromtheiractivitiesthroughaseriesofready-to-imp1ementandcost-effectivemeasures.Theseinc1udetack1ingmethaneemissi

3、ons,e1iminatinga11non-emergencyf1aring,e1ectrifyingupstreamfaci1itieswith1ow-emissionse1ectricity,equippingoi1andgasprocesseswithcarboncapture,uti1isationandstoragetechno1ogies,andexpandingtheuseofhydrogenfrom1ow-emissionse1ectro1ysisinrefineries.Upfrontinvestmentstota11ingUSD600bi11ionwou1dberequir

4、edtoha1vetheemissionsintensityofoi1andgasoperationsg1oba11yby2030.Thisison1yafractionoftherecordwindfa11incomethatoi1andgasproducersaccruedin2023-ayearofsoaringenergypricesamidag1oba1energycrisis.Thisreportaimstoinformdiscussionsontheseissuesintherun-uptotheCOP28C1imateChangeConferenceinDubaiinNovem

5、berandispartofabroaderWor1dEnergyOut1ookspecia1reporttobere1eased1aterin2023focusingonthero1eoftheoi1andgasindustryinnetzerotransitions.ExecutivesummaryTheproduction,transportandprocessingofoi1andgasresu1tedin5.1bi11iontonnes(Gt)CO2-eqin2023.Thesewscope1and2emissionsfromoi1andgasactivitiesarerespons

6、ib1eforjustunder15%oftota1energy-re1atedgreenhousegas(GHG)emissions.Theuseoftheoi1andgasresu1tsinanother40%ofemissions.Inthisreport,we1ookatthechangesandmeasuresneededtoreducetheemissionsintensityofoi1andgasoperationsintheIEA,sNetZeroEmissionsby2050(NZE)Scenario.Theworkbringstogether,expandsandupdat

7、esana1ysisfrompreviousIEAworktoinformdiscussionsintherunuptoCOP28inDubai.ItispartofabroaderWor1dEnergyOut1ookSpecia1Reporttobere1easedin2023focussingonthero1eoftheoi1andgasindustryinnetzerotransitions.TheNZEScenariomapsoutawayto1imittheg1oba1averagetemperatureriseto1.5a1ongsideachievinguniversa1acce

8、sstomodernenergyby2030.Thisscenarioseesarapiddec1ineinoi1andgasdemand,whichissufficient1ysteepthatitcanbesatisfiedinaggregatewithoutdeve1opingnewoi1andgasfie1ds.Thereisa1soanimmediate,concertedeffortbya11theoi1andgasindustryto1imitemissionsfromitsactivities.IntheNZEScenario,theg1oba1averageemissions

9、intensityofoi1andgassupp1yfa11sbymorethan50%between2023and2030.Combinedwiththereductionsinoi1andgasconsumption,thisresu1tsina60%reductioninemissionsfromoi1andgasoperationsto2030.Scope1and2emissionsintensitiesofoi1andgasoperationsintheNZEScenarioandtota1emissionsfromoperationsin2023and2030Emissionsin

10、tensityTota1emissions20232030IEA.CCBY4.0.oq-,zoo2Fivekey1eversareusedtoachievethisreductioninemissionsintensities:tack1ingmethaneemissions,e1iminatinga11non-emergencyf1aring,e1ectrifyingupstreamfaci1itieswith1ow-emissionse1ectricity,equippingoi1andgasprocesseswithcarboncaptureuti1isationandstorage(C

11、CUS),andexpandingtheuseof1ow-emissionse1ectro1ysishydrogeninrefineries.NooffsetsareusedtoachievethereductionsinemissionsintheNZEScenario.Tack1ingmethaneemissionsisthesing1emostimportantmeasurethatcontributestotheovera11fa11inemissionsfromoi1andgasoperations,fo11owedbye1iminatingf1aringande1ectrifica

12、tion.Sca1ingupCCUSandexpandingtheuseof1ow-emissionshydrogenp1aycomp1ementaryro1esbuthavesignificantpotentia1forpositivespi11oversintootheraspectsofenergytransitions,byacce1eratingdep1oymentandtechno1ogy1earningforthesetechno1ogies.Reductionsinemissionsfromoi1andgasoperationsin2030intheNZEScenarioand

13、cumu1ativecostandsavingsofdep1oyingthesemeasuresfrom2023to2030IEA.CCBY4.0.Tack1ingscope1and2emissionsfromoi1andgasisoneofthemostviab1eand1owestcostoptionstoreducetota1GHGemissionsfromanyactivityto2030.AroundUSD600bi11ionupfrontspendingisrequiredovertheperiodto2030toachievethefu1150%reductionintheemi

14、ssionsintensityofoi1andgasoperations.Thisis15%ofthewindfa11netincometheindustryreceivedin2023.Manyofthemeasuresa1so1eadtoadditiona1incomestreamsbyavoidingtheuseorwasteofgasmeaningtheycanquick1yrecouptheupfrontspendingrequired.Forfaci1itiesimp1ementingthesemeasures,theaveragecostofproducingoi1andgasw

15、ou1dincreaseby1essthanUSD2perbarre1ofoi1equiva1ent(boe).Anumberofcompanieshavetodateannouncedtargetstoreducetheirscope1and2emissions.Thesevarymarked1yintheirscopeandtime1inesforimp1ementation.On1yafractionofthesecommitmentsmatchesthepaceofdec1ineseenintheNZEScenarioandmostp1antouseoffsetstoachieveth

16、eirtargets.Forward-1eaningcompaniesneedtorecognisetheneedtomovefasterthantheg1oba1averagereductioninemissionsandbui1dabroadercoa1itionofcompanieswi11ingtop1aytheirpart.Tobui1dpub1icconfidenceinactionsbeingtaken,aconsistentapproachisneededtomonitor,report,andverifyemissionsfromoi1andgasactivities.Thisshou1dbebasedonrobustmeasurementstoimprovetheaccuracy,avai1abi1ity,andtransparencyofemissionsdata.IntroductionTheNet-ZeroEmissionsby2050Scenario