椰子剥皮开盖机设计.docx

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1、摘要椰子(Cocos nucifera L,)是棕桐科椰子属植物，为多年生常绿乔木，广泛分布于世界上近100个地处热带的国家和地区，其中主产国是印度尼西亚、菲律宾、印度和斯里兰卡等，我国椰子的主要种植区在海南，种植面积和果实产量均占全国的90%以上。椰子果是椰子树的果实,俗称椰子。椰子内含果肉和椰子水，具有丰富的油脂、蛋白质等营养物质，且椰衣可以加工成纤维垫、绳索等，具有很高的综合应用价值。国人对于椰子的利用传统上采用剖切的方式只是能摄取汁液，剩余果皮残渣就随处丢弃严重制造污染，而剥壳是椰子加工的一个很重要的环节，因此椰农转型推出剥壳椰子，即先行剥除椰子外壳仅存内果皮(硬壳)再加以冷藏保鲜贩售

2、，果皮残渣再经粉碎后当介质利用，作法上较为环保，目前剥壳方式仍以人工为主。本研究针对椰子基本物性加以探讨分析，进而规划设计剥壳机构。调查显示椰子外观大部分呈三棱形，果实由外果皮、中果皮、内果皮组成，外果皮呈绿色或浅黄色，光滑坚实，富韧性,中果皮属纤维层含软木屑包覆著内果皮。经试验结果显示果皮含水率变化与破坏力之间有密切关系，即外果皮破坏力随著含水率下降有逐渐增大现象，中果皮破坏力与含水率多寡无直接关系，但与纤维条数、厚度有关。本研究设计三角锥型齿剥壳机构以拉扯方式将椰皮撕裂，椰子剥衣工序由人工操作变为机器操作，不仅可以大大提高生产效率，为后期工序提供充足的原材料，更重要的是能够保证操作人员的人

3、身安全，减少伤残事故的发生。本设计在查阅资料基础上，通过对不同方案的选择，确定剥壳的传动系统方案，进行椰子剥壳机的设计。本设计通过对系统的齿轮、齿辐、轴、挡板、压框装置、进料装置等的结构设计和配合设计，最终完成各个部件的配合组装，通过solidworks三维软件，进行装配，并且以运动仿真的形式演示了本设计的工作过程；同时由于前期工序采用了自动化，不仅可以节省大批的劳动力，而且解决了椰子生产企业扩大生产规模的瓶颈问题，为企业扩大生产规模，提高经济效益开辟新的途径。关键词：平板硫化机；液压系统；工作原理；液压元件；阀板AbstractCoconut is palm coconut plants,

4、evergreen trees for the perennial.Coconut is rich in vitamins, contains a lot of oil, protein and other nutrients,and the peel of coconut after processing can be made into coconut pad, rope,etc., has a high processing value. At present, the traditional consumptionmode is to take the coconut juice an

5、d pulp, but all of them adopt the clumsymechanical processing mode, which is extremely wasteful for the wholecoconut processing. Removing the shell from the process of processingcoconut products is a troublesome part of the process, and some farmers inSoutheast Asia simply puncture it. From the pers

6、pective of working procedureand transport, the design of a simple and convenient peeling trans type, whichcan be attached with the function of cutting the shell, is of great importance tothe processing of coconut. Traditionally, the coconut is peeled, refrigeratedand then shelled, which has a signif

7、icant impact on the preservation of thecoconut and the freshness that consumers seek.According to the characteristics of coconut skin and its consumption andprocessing habits, this device designs an integrated machine for peeling,processing and cutting the cover, which ensures the speed of processin

8、g andthe freshness of products. Conclusion: according to the collected images anddata access coconut is basically three prismatic shape, structure composed ofpericarp, middle, peel, endocarp, outer skin resilient, and more smooth,generally for the green, yellow, middle fibrous tissue, parcel inside,

9、 can bedesigned by pulling force peel skin fiber layer formation. By referring todocuments and other videos, it was found that there was a certain relationshipbetween the total water content of coconut peel and the damage, that is, theforce of pulling the outer peel gradually increased with the decr

10、ease of themoisture content of the pericarp fiber tissue. The damage of the middlepericarp had nothing to do with the water content, but was related to thenumber and thickness of the fibers.In this study, a cone-shaped tooth shelter mechanism was designed totear the coconut skin tissue in a pulling

11、way, replacing the traditional manualpeeling process with machine processing, which not only ensured the safetyof labor and improved the processing efficiency of production, but also hadthe function of cutting the cap, simplifying the processing link. This design isbased on consulting data, conceive

12、d of various structural design, convenientprocessing. Through the selection of different schemes, determine the shelland cover cutting drive system scheme, complete the overall design ofcoconut shell and cover cutting machine. This design through to the wholeidea, decided to adopt the modular design

13、, pressing module, cutting module,lifting module, clamping module, cutting module these five modules, throughthe assembly of the support to complete the product function setting. ThroughSolidWorks 3D software, assembly, and through the assembly diagram toillustrate the device of each part of the mod

14、ule; At the same time through theselection of the motor and the structure of the integrated design, basically hasrealized automation, reduce manpower at the same time, increase theproduction efficiency of the product, improve the profit of businessKey words: Coir; Remove the skin and open the lid; M

15、odular design;Transmission system; The integration of equipment目录摘要IAbstractII第一章 绪论11.1 椰子的作用11.2 现状分析11.3 自动化控制发展2第二章 椰子录I皮开盖机总体设计42. 1总体结构42.1 功能结构具体介绍42.2 模块化设计关键技术分析52.3 自动化设计关键技术分析6第三章 结构设计（主要器件选型）53. 1参数设计53.2关键部件静力学分析11第四章震颤分析14.1震颤仿真分析14. 2基于AdvantEdge的仿真分析14.3加工系统动力学仿真2致谢1椰子剥壳开盖机第一章绪论1.1 椰子的作用椰子是棕柳科椰子属的多年生热带木本油料作物，椰子树的主要产物为椰果，其形状近球形，由外果皮、中果皮、内果皮、种皮、种仁（胚乳）、胚、椰子水等部分构成。椰子的的外果皮和中果皮俗称椰衣，椰子外形基本上呈三棱形，结构由外果皮、中层果皮、内果皮组成，外层果皮具有韧性，旦较为光滑，一般为绿色、黄色，中层为纤维组织包裹内部，设计可以通过纤维层形成拉扯力剥开表皮。通过查阅文档及其他地方的视频研究，发现椰子皮总含水量和破坏里有一定的关系，即是拉扯外皮的力随著果皮纤维组织水分的下降有逐渐增大现象，中层果皮破坏力与含水率多少无关