时文拓展阅读26我们能否在减少化肥的同时养活世界.docx

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1、关于氮肥，我们该如何权衡利弊每年的10月16日为世界粮食日，随着气候变化以及人们环保意识的增强，控制氮肥过度使用的问题越来越受大家重视，但氮肥又是粮食作物的重要肥料，我们究竟能否在减少化肥使用的同时养活世界，这个问题值得大家去思考。Morethananyotheraspectofthec1imatecrisis,itistheover-productionofcarbondioxidethathasbeenva1ued.Butnitrogen(M)anditsabundantuseincommercia1ferti1ized化月巴)，a1so1eadstoairpo11utionandc1im

2、atechange.Evidencesuggeststheirusea1socontributestoairpo11ution,increasestheratesofcancerandreducesbiodiversity,aswe11asre1easinggas(1aughinggas).Butnitrogenhe1psfeedaroundha1fthewor1d,spopu1ationandremainsessentia1fortheforeseeab1efuture.Withpricesofferti1izerrising,manydeve1opingcountriesdon,thave

3、accesstoit,withresu1tingthreatstofoodsecurity.Theg1oba1nitrogencha11engeinvo1vesbothreducingferti1izeruse,andgettingittowhereitsneededmost.Ateamofscientistshascomeupwithafive-stepp1antoso1vethistwo-sidedprob1em.BenjaminHou1ton,the1eader,exp1ainsthaton1ybyundertakingaho1isticapproachandcombiningso1ut

4、ionscantheprob1embeso1vedonboth1eve1s.Thefivestepsidentifiedinvo1vechangingagricu1tura1practices,gettingferti1izertothep1acesit,sneeded,reducingnitrogenpo11utionandfina11y,bothreducingfoodwasteandpromotingachangeindiet.The1attertwoareessentia1becauseapproximate1yone-quarterofa11g1oba1foodproducedisw

5、asteda1ongthesupp1ychain,whichmeansthata1argeportionofthenitrogenferti1izerapp1iedtocropsisu1timate1ywasted.Benjaminadmitsthataddingnitrogentothe1istofexistingc1imatewoesmightcauseasenseofexhaustion.Neverthe1ess,hehasanencouragingmessage.44Thetruthis,nitrogenisab1essingandaCUrSeJhesays,44Butifyoucan

6、reducethespi11-oversofnitrogen,youcanquick1ygetsystemstoreturntoamoreorigina1state.ThatmakesitverydifferentfromCO2.We1ockin30to50yearsofc1imateimpactseverytimewesendoutamo1ecu1e(微粒)ofCO2intotheair.Butwithnitrogenyoucangetimmediatereturnsoninvestment.”1. Whydoestheauthormentioncarbondioxideinparagrap

7、hI?A. Tointroducetheharmofnitrogenpo11ution.B. Toexp1aintheeffectsofproducingCO?.C. Topresenttheresu1tsofusingferti1izer.D. Toshowtheseriousnessofairpo11ution.2. What,sparagraph2main1yabout?A. Thepricesofnitrogenferti1izer.B. Thecha11engesofnitrogenferti1izer.C. Theimportanceofnitrogenferti1izer.D.

8、Thetwo-sidedprob1emofnitrogenferti1izer.3. Accordingtoparagraph4,whyarethe1asttwostepsimportant?A. Theycanensurethesecurityoffoodsupp1ies.B. Theycanso1vetheprob1emofc1imatechange.C. Theycanmeettheneedofagricu1tura1ferti1izer.D. Theycanreducethewasteofnitrogenresources.4. WhatdoesBenjaminconveyinhisw

9、ords?A. ProducingCO2cou1dgetmorereturns.B. There1easeofCO?maybemoreharmfu1.C. Theimpactsofnitrogenaremorepermanent.D. Reducingnitrogencou1dgetmoreefficientresu1ts.参考答案：ADDD单词学习：1. carbondioxide二氧化碳theover-productionofcarbondioxide二氧化碳的生产过剩2. ho1isticadj.整体的aho1isticapproach全盘着眼，整体分析3. agricu1tura1pr

10、actices耕作方法4. woen.灾难c1imatewoes气候危机5. cursen.祸根Nitrogenisab1essingandacurse.氮是福也是祸。长难句：The1attertwoareessentia1becauseapproximate1yone-quarterofa11g1oba1foodproducediswasteda1ongthesupp1ychain,whichmeansthata1argeportionofthenitrogenferti1izerapp1iedtocropsisu1timate1ywasted.主干：The1attertwoareessentia1译文：后两者至关重要，因为全球生产的食品中约有四分之一是在供应链上浪费的，这意味着用于作物的很大一部分氮肥最终都被浪费了。知识拓展世界粮食日（WorIdFoOdDay,缩写为WFD）世界各国政府每年在10月16日围绕发展粮食和农业生产举行纪念活动。1979年11月举行的第20届联合国粮食及农业组织（简称“联合国粮农组织”）大会决定：1981年10月16日为首次世界粮食日纪念日。此后每年的这个日子都要为世界粮食日开展各种纪念活动。文本选自：TheGeographica1Magazine