现在完成时讲义.docx

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1、Q知识剖析现在完成时态时间标志词。构成O-haehas(notdone(过去分词)r表示过去姓或者已经完成的某一词对现在造成的影响或结果。用法c1表示过去已经开始、持续到现在，也许还会持续下去的动作或者状态。a1ready,yet,before,never,ever,just等。现在完成时态havegoneto词绢区别O-havebeento-for.sinceQsofar,bynow,inthepast1ast2years,overtheyears,a11onesIife等f1时间段rSinCe+过去时间点,sinceO-SinCe+含有一般过去时态的从句since-.ago1havebee

2、nin一、构成：I.肯定：have(has)+done;2.否定：have/hasnot+done=haven,t/hasn,tdone;二、句型：1. 肯定句：Ihaveworkedfor5hours.2. 否定句：Ihavenot(haven,t)workedfor5hours.3. 疑问句：一Haveyouworkedfor5hours?一Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven,t.三、标志词：1 .常用时态标志词：a1ready,yet,just,1ate1y,recent1y,thesedays,inthepastfewdays,duringthe1asttwoweeks,sinc

3、eyesterday,since2daysago,since1991,fora1ongtime,foramonth,sofar,uptonow,ti11(unti1by)now,ever,never,threetimes等C2 .辨析：1) a1readyyeta1ready一般用于肯定句；ye1一般用于否定句和疑问句，且ye1常放于句末。Wehavea1readyfinishedourhomework.Wehaven,tfinishedourhomeworkyet.(否定句)Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?(疑问句)2) ever和neverever一般用于肯定

4、句和疑问句；never构成否定句。ThisisthemostexcitingmatchI,veeverwatched.HaveyoueverbeentoParis?veneverta1kedwithhimbefore.3) justnow和jus1justnow用于一般过去时态；just常用于完成时态。Hecamebackjustnow.Theyvejustc1eanedtheroomtogether.4) ago和beforeago用于一般过去时态；before常用于完成时态。Tommyboughtthefi1mticketstwodaysago.Haveyoueverseenhimanyw

5、herebefore?5) inthepast和inthepasttwoyearsinthepast用于过去时态；inthepasttwoyears用于现在完成时态。Hewasshyinthepast.veso1vedmanyprob1emsinthepasttwoyears.6)for和sincefor+一段时间Ihaveworkedinthiscompanyfor10years.since+过去时间点Tomhasbeeninthearmysince2016.+.agoMr.Greenhas1ivedChengdusincetwoyearsago.+句子（含有一般过去时态）Cassiehas

6、1eanedtwothousandwordssincehewas5.注意：对R.hinc3:提血用上回上心咯：.？与它们与用的谓语动词肯定句史必须用延续性动词。7）非延续性动词和延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动词diebedeadmarrybemarriedretireberetiredbegin/startbeonjoinbeamemberOfTbeinborrow/buykeep/havegetfa1ecome.+adj.be+adj.goback(tosp.)return(tosp.)bebackinmovegoreach/getto/arriveat/in/1eaveforbeat/in

7、1eave(sp.)beaway(fromsp.)open/c1osebeopen/bec1osed四、用法：1. “己完成”用法：表示过去的一个动作发生和结束，对现在造成一定的影响或结果。常和a1ready,yet,before,never,everJust等时间状语连用,vefinishedmyhomeworknow.现在我己经做完作业了。(说明可以交作业或做别的事了)IhavebeentotheSummerPa1acetwice.我曾经去过颐和园两次。(说明我对颐和园己经具备一定的了解。)2. “未完成”用法：表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，并可能继续下去，和表示一段时间的状语

8、连用。We,ve1earnedEng1ishformorehan8years.Simon,sbeeninBritainSinCe3yearsago.(How1ong.?)五、考察句式：1. havebeen(to),havegone(Io)和havebeen(in)的区别：1) have/hasbeen(to)表示“曾经到过某地，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来，侧重指经历。提问：Howmanytimes.?一HaveyoueverbeentoEgyptbefore?一No,Ihavent.veneverbeentherebefore.一HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentoEgypt

9、?一vebeentoEgyptthreetimes.2) have/hasgone(to)表示某人“已经前往某地了，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里。提问：Whereissb.?一WhereisDavid?一He,sgonetotheoffice.3) have/hasbeen(in)表示某人“己在某地有多久了提问：How1ong.?一How1onghaveyoubeenhere?一Anhour.2. Thisisthebestfi1mveeverseen.=veneverseensuchagoodfi1mbefore.3. Iboughtthisbook3yearsago.=vehadthis

10、booksince3yearsago.=vehadthisbookfor3years.4. Ithasbeen3yearssinceIboughtthisbook.=Itis3yearssince1boughtthisbook.5. ItisthefirsttimethatMr.SmithhasvisitedChina.例题精练1. Mr.SmithworksinBeijing.Hesince1987.A.hascomethereB.hascamethereC.hasbeenthereD.hasgonethere2. ThreemonthshaspassedsinceIbecamea1eagu

11、emember.threemonthssinceIthe1eague.Thatinnocentboy1eftschoo1toseekforhisnew1ifewhenhewasn,tinterestedinstudy.(Changedthesentence一Yes,Iknow.Wehavetoadmitthatnobodycanmatchhim.A.wou1dnothavesucceededB.hassucceededD.hasfai1edC.shou1dhavesucceeded11.mytrain1eftat5：00p.m.andwasdisappointedwhenIarrivedat4

12、：50p.m.and1earntthatithadjust1eft.Ifound1aterthatIanout-of-datetimetab1e.A.thought,hadusedB.havethought,hadusedC.think,havebeenusingD.wasthinking,wasusingII.WordrIYansformation1. Who(stea1)mypurse?Irememberedputtingitinthe1ocker,butit,snotherenow!2. 一msorrytokeepyouwaiting.一Oh,notata11.I(be)hereon1y

13、afewminutes.3. It,snatura1foreventhebestath1etestomissthemeda1sthatthey(train)fora1ongtime,thereforeunderstandab1eforthemtocrywhenthey1ose.4. OnceIinvitedafriendtoamea1inanexpensiverestaurantandduringthemea1Isudden1yrea1izedI1efta11mymoneyathome.ThisisthemostembarrassingexperienceI.(have)5. Recent1y

14、,theEng1ishSpeakingCompetitionuTa1kToMe“(attractive)theattentionofa1argenumberofpub1icschoo1sintheUnitedKingdomforamonth.6. 一Doyouenjoy1ivinginthecountrynow?一Yes,verymuch,a1thoughI(1ive)hometownformanyyears.7. theBrownseverypartofthecityyetbeforereturninghome?(exp1oration)8. Sofar,thepositiveand1ive

15、1yactivitiesourstudentswhousedtofocusonjustrememberingknow1edgetousetheirknow1edgefree1y,(motivate)9. A11thenewhouseswe11sincethegovernmentpub1ishedthenewpo1icy,(se11)10. KaidenHunkins,aged13,(compete)againstadu1tssincehewasveryyoung.Atpresent,heisoneofthetopyoungcompetitorsintheUS.11. Thebookshereeversincetheywere1aidhere,(1ie)111. PatternShift1. Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(Changethesentencesintothepresentperfecttense.)2. MissGao1eftanhourago.