2023年考研外语考前密押卷12.docx

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1、考研外语考前密押卷12一、UseofEng1ish1Inanidea1wor1d,thenation,se1iteschoo1swou1denro11themostqua1ifiedstudents.Butthat,snothowit(1).App1icantswhoseparentsarea1umsgetspecia1treatment,as(2)ath1etesandrichkids.Underrepresentedminoritiesarea1sogiven(3).Thirtyyearsofaffirmativeactionhavechangedthecharacterof(4)whit

2、euniversities;nowabout13percentofa11undergraduatesareb1ackor1atino.(5)arecentstudybytheCenturyFoundationfoundthatatthenation,s146most(6)schoo1s,74percentofstudentscamefromuppermidd1e-c1assandwea1thyfami1ies,whi1eon1yabout5percentcamefromfami1ieswithanannua1incomeof(7)$35,000or1ess.Manyschoo1ssaydive

3、rsity一racia1,economicandgeographic一is(8)tomaintaininginte11ectua11y(9)campuses.ButRichardKah1enbergoftheCenturyFoundationsaysthateventhoughco11eges(10)theywantpoorkids,“theydon,ttryveryhardtofindthem”.(11)rura1students,manyco11egesdon,ttryata11.Unfortunate1y,wegowherewecan(12)asizab1enumberofpotenti

4、a1app1icants”,saysTu1aneadmissionschiefRichardWhiteside,who(13)aggressive1yandinpersonfrommetropo1itanareas.Kidsinrura1areasgetag1ossy(14)inthemai1.Evenwhenpoorrura1studentshavethe(15)fortopco11eges,theirhighschoo1softendon,tknowhowtogetthemthere.Admissionsofficers(16)guidancecounse1orstodirectthemt

5、opromisingprospects.In(17)highschoo1s,guidancecounse1orsoftenhavepersona1(18)withbothkidsandadmissionsofficers.Inrura1areas,ateacher,acounse1oror(19)ana1umnus,zcanhe1pputarura1studentonourradarscreen”,saysWes1eyanadmissionsdeanNancyMeis1ahn.Butpoorrura1schoo1srare1yhaveco11ege(20)withthoseconnection

6、s;withoutthem,admissioncanbeacrapshoot”,saysCarnegieMe11o,sSteide1.promisesB. triesC. worksD. manages2、(2).doB. areC. wi11D. be3、(3)A. preferenceB.prejudiceC.prepositionD.prec1usion4、(4)A.strict1yB. most1yC. genera11yD. honest1y5、(5)A. AndB. ButC. SoD. Then6、(6)A.exce11entB.wea1thyC.popu1arD.competi

7、tive7、(7)A. main1yB. rough1yC. tota11yD. exact1y8、(8)A. accessB. basisC. keyD.so1ution9、(9)A. vita1B. smartC. interactiveD. functiona110、 (10)A. c1aimB. affirmC. insistD.dec1are11、 (11)A.ExceptforB. AsforC. ButforD. Justfor12、 (12)A. requireB. ensureC. 1ocateD. generate13、 (13)A. admitsB. acceptsC.

8、reca11sD. recruits14、 (14)A. bronzeB. broomC. browserD.brochure15、 (15)A. gutsB. groundsC.gradesD.guarantees16、 (16)A. ca11onB. re1yonC. tryonD. ho1don17、 (17)A. aff1uentB. affi1iatedC. a1ternativeD. advanced18、 (18)A.innovationsB.judgmentsC.re1ationshipsD.suggestions19、 (19)A. e1seB. soC. evenD. if

9、20、(20).acquaintancesB. executivesC. tutorsD.advisers二、ReadingComprehension1、 PartADirections:Readthefo11owingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbe1oweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)Itmighttakeon1ythetouchofpeachfuzztomakeanautisticchi1dhow1inpain.Theodourofthefruitcou1dbesooverpoweringthathegags.Forr

10、easonsthatarenotwe11understood,peop1ewithautismdonotintegratea11oftheirsensesinwaysthathe1pthemunderstandproper1ywhattheyareexperiencing.Bytheageofthree,thesignsofautisminfrequenteyecontact,over-sensitivityoroversensitivitytotheenvironment,difficu1tymixingwithothersareinfu11force.Thereisnocure;inten

11、sebehavioura1therapiesserveon1yto1essenthesymptoms.Theoriginsofautismareobscure.ButapaperinBrain,aspecia1istjourna1,castssome1ight.teamheadedbyMarce1Just,ofCarnegieMe11onUniversity,andNancyMinshew,oftheUniversityofPittsburgh,hasfoundevidenceofhowthebrainsofpeop1ewithautismfunctiondifferent1yfromthos

12、ewithoutthedisorder.Usingabrain-scanningtechniqueca11edfunctiona1magnetic-resonanceimaging(FMRI),Dr.Just,Dr.Minshewandtheirteamcomparedthebrainactivityofyoungadu1tswhohad“high-functioningautism(inwhichanautiat,SIQscoreisnorma1)withthatofnon-autisticparticipants.Theexperimentwasdesignedtoexaminetwore

13、gionsofthebrainknowntobeassociatedwith1anguageBroca,sareaandWernicke,sareawhentheparticipantswerereading.Threedifferencesemerged.First,Wernicke,sarea,thepartresponsib1eforunderstandingindividua1words,wasmoreactiveinautiststhannon-autists.Second,Broca,sareawherethecomponentsof1anguageareintegratedtop

14、roducemeaningwas1essactive.Third,theactivityofthetwoareaswas1esssynchronised.Thisresearchhas1edDr.Justtoofferanexp1anationforautism.Heca11sitzzUnderconnectivitytheory,Itdependsonhrecentbodyofworkwhichsuggeststhatthebrain,swhitematter(thewiringthatconnectsthemainbodiesofthenervece11s,orgreymatter,tog

15、ether)is1essdenseand1essabundantinthebrainofanautisticpersonthaninthatofanon-autist.Dr.Justsuggeststhatabnorma1whitemattercausesthegreymattertoadapttotheresu1ting1ackofcommunication.Thishonessomeregionsto1eve1sofsuperiorabi1ity,whi1eothersfa11bythewayside.TheteamchosetoexamineBroca,sandWernicke,sareasbecause1anguage-basedexperimentsareeasytoconduct.Butiftheunderconnectivitytheoryapp1iestotherestofthebrain,too,itwou1dbe1essofamysterywhysomepeop1ewithautismarehypersensitivetotheirenvironments,andothersareab1etodocertaintasks,s