20062013阅读理解.docx
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1、On1y(wocountriesintheadvancedwor1dprovidenoguaranteeforpaid1eavefromworktocareforanewbornchi1d.1astspringoneofthetwo,Austra1ia,gaveupthedubiousdistinctionbyestab1ishingpaidfami1y1eavestartingin2011.1wasntsurprisedwhenthisdidntmakethenewshereintheUnitedStateswe,renowtheon1ywea1thycountrywithoutsuchap
2、o1icy.TheUnitedStatesdoeshaveoneexp1icitfami1ypo1icy,theFami1yandMedica11eaveAct,passedin1993.Itentit1esworkerstoasmuchas12weeksunpaid1eaveforcareofanewbornordea1ingwithafami1ymedica1prob1em.Despitethemodestyofthebenefit,theChamberofCommerceandotherbusinessgroupsfoughtitbitter1y,describingitasgovern
3、ment-runpersonne1managementandadangerousprecedent.Infact,everystepoftheway,as(usua11y)Democratic1eadershavetriedtointroducework-fomi1yba1ancemeasuresintothe1aw,businessgroupshavebeenstrong1yopposed.AsYa1e1awprofessorAnneA1stottargues,justifyingparenta1supportdependsondefiningthefami1yasasocia1goodth
4、at,insomesense,societymustpayfor.InherbookNoExit:WhatParentsOweTheirChi1drenandWhatSocietyOwesParents,shearguesthatparentsareburdenedinmanywaysintheir1ives:thereisnoexit,whenitcomestochi1dren.Societyexpects-andneedsparentstoprovidetheirchi1drenwithcontinuityofcare.meaningtheintensive,intimatecaretha
5、thumanbeingsneedtodeve1optheirinte11ectua1,emotiona1andmora1capabi1ities.Andsocietyexpects-andneeds-parentstopersistintheirro1esfor18years,or1ongerifneeded.Whi1emostparentsdothisoutof1ove,therearepub1icpena1tiesfornotprovidingcare.Whatparentsdo,inotherwords,isofdeepconcerntothestate,fortheobviousrea
6、sonthatcaringforchi1drenisnoton1ymora11yurgentbutessentia1forthefutureofsociety.Thesta1erecognizesthisin(he1argebodyoffami1y1awsthatgovernchi1drenwe1fare,yetparentsreceive1itt1ehe1pinmeeting(he1ife-changingob1igationssocietyimposes.Toc1assifyparentingasapersona1choiceforwhichthereisnoco11ectiverespo
7、nsibi1ityisnotmere1ytoignorethesocia1benefitsofgoodparenting;rea11y,itistostea1thosebenefitsbecausetheyaccrue(不困i积.累)tothewho1eofsocietyastodayschi1drenbecometomorrowsproductivecitizenry(公民).Infact,bysomeestimates,theva1ueofparenta1investmentsinchi1dren,investmentsoftimeandmoney(inc1uding1ostwages),
8、isequa1to20-30%ofgrossdomesticproduct.Iftheseinvestmentsgeneratehugesocia1benefitsastheyCIear1ydothebenefitsofprovidingmoresocia1supportforthefami1yshou1dbethatmuchc1earer.AnewstudyfromtheCenterforInfbrniationandResearchonCivic1earningandEngagement(CIRC1E)atTuftsUniversityshowsthattodaysyouthvotein1
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