外文翻译微电网运行历程与电力市场中的虚拟电厂.docx

《外文翻译微电网运行历程与电力市场中的虚拟电厂.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《外文翻译微电网运行历程与电力市场中的虚拟电厂.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在第一文库网上搜索。

1、AReviewonOperationofMicroGridsandVirtua1PowerP1antsinthePowerMarketsE1ahehMashhour*S.M.,Moghaddas-Tafreshi*K.N.ToosiUniversityofTechno1ogy.Facu1tyofE1ectrica1Engineering,Tehran,IRANE-mai1:mashhouree.kntu.ac.irofnetworkoperationandmarkettransactionsinDGoperation.Thesesubjectsaredescribedinfo11owing.A

2、bstract-TheshareofDistributedGeneration(DG)inthepowersystemgenerationisincreasing1ygrownupandfortheeconomica1andtechnica1reasons;theirintegrationisdeep1yconcentratedbytheresearchers.ThispaperreintroducestheintegrationofDistributedEnergyResources(DER),i.e.DGs,contro11ab1e1oadsandenergystorages,intomi

3、crogridandVirtua1PowerP1ant(VPP)anda1soreviewstheiroperationinthepowermarket.Moreover,itdiscussestheperspectiveofmarkettransactionsoffutureVPPsinactivedistributionnetworks.Keywords:Virtua1PowerP1ant,MicroGridI. IntroductionThewor1disgoingtouseDG,bothfossi1-fue1-basedandrenewab1e-basedone,duetoappear

4、anceofenvironmenta1viewpointsand1imitationoffossi1fue1s.Atpresent,severa1supportiveregu1ationsinthewho1ewor1dsuchasseparategreenmarketfore1ectricityproductionofrenewab1eresources1-31,EuropeanRESDirectivefordeve1opmentofrenewab1eresources4,EuropeanCHPDirectivefbrenergyefficiencyimprovement5,andsimi1a

5、rsupportiveregu1ationsinothercountries.Renewab1ePortfo1ioStandard(RPS)insevera1countriesI6,7,Kyotoprotoco1whichhasaro1einthereductionofgreenhousegasemissions,andsoonarethefactorsthatacce1erateDGgrowth.Therefore,thepenetrationofDGinthepowersystemwi11behigh1yincreasedinthenewfuture.DuetotheeffectofDGo

6、ntechnica1parameterofthenetworkanda1soconsideringtherapidextensionofpowermarketinthewho1ewor1d,itisnecessarytocontemp1atebothtechnica1aspectsFirstofa11,sincetechnica1parametersofthenetworksuchasnodevo1tagesand1inecurrentsstrong1ydependontheDGoperation,thehighpenetrationofDGmaycreatesevera1prob1emsin

7、thedistributionnetworksconcerningtostabi1ityandpowerqua1ity.Furthermore,someconsumerswhoareownersofsomeDGsmayinjecttheirsurp1uspowertothegridinsomehoursandcompensatetheirshortagebythegridinothertimes.Therefore,thepowerf1owcurrentinthenetworkmaybea1teredduringthedayinhighpenetrationofDG.Thispowerexch

8、angebetweentheDGownerandthenetworkisrequiredtobehand1ed.Inthiscondition,thestandardparadigmofcentra1izedcontro1,whichisusedinthecurrente1ectricityinfrastructure,wi11no1ongerbesufficientandthedistributedcontro1wi11beconsidered.Second1y,thepowerindustryinthewho1ewor1disrapid1yrestructuringandthepowers

9、ystemoperationshou1dbemarket-based.However,ingenera1DGunitscannotbeviab1ebythemse1veson1yinthepowermarketduetotheirspecia1characterssuchastheirsma11sizeandstochasticnatureofsomeunits(e.g.windandphotovo1taic).Toso1vetheseissues,DGunitsshou1dbecombinedtogetherinoneentity,integratedentity,anda1socontro

10、11edbyEnergyManagementSystem(EMS),whichisknownasanessentia1infrastructureofthedistributedcontro1.Therefore,amarket-baseddistributedcontro1wi11berea1izediftheoperatorofintegratedentityisparticipatedinthepowermarketonbeha1fofitscomponents.Genera11ytwointegrationstrategiesareexisted,inc1udingintegratio

11、ninamicrogridandinaVPP8-27,31.ThispaperreintroducestheconceptsofmicrogridandVPPanda1soreviewstheiroperationinthepowermarket.Moreover,itdiscussestheperspectiveofmarkettransactionoffutureVPPsinactivedistributionnetwork.Theremainingofthepaperisorganizedasfo11ows.SectionIIdefinesmicrogridandVPP.SectionI

12、IIandIVreviewtheoperationofmicrogridandinthepowermarketrespective1y.Thediscussionsandconc1usionsareprovidedinfina1section.II. DefinitionofIntegratedEntitiesA. Microgrid978-1-4244-3523-4/09/$25.00c2009IEEE273Themicrogridconceptisbasedontheassumptionthat1argenumbersofmicrogeneratorsareconnectedtonetwo

13、rkandthatthesecanbeusedtoreducetherequirementfortransmissionandhighvo1tagedistributionassets.Accordingtothere1evant1iterature,differentdefinitionsareprovidedformicrogrid.In8,microgridisac1usterof1oadsandmicrosourcesoperatingasasing1econtro11ab1esystemthatprovidesbothpowerandheattoits1oca1area.Micros

14、ourcesaresma11(1essthan100kW)unitswithpowere1ectronicinterfaces,p1acedatcustomersites,1owcost,1owvo1tageandhigh1yre1iab1ewithfewemissions.AccordingtothedefinitionproposedbyConsortiumfore1ectrica1Re1iabi1ityTechno1ogySo1utions(CCERTS_),microgridisanintegratedpowerde1iverysystemconsistingofinterconnec

15、ted1oadsanddistributedenergyresourceswhich,asanintegratedsystem,canoperateinpara11e1withthegridorinaninternationa1is1andmode9).MicrogridisdefinedinEuropeanmicrogridsprojectasfo11ows:Interconnectionofsma11,modu1argenerationto1owvo1tagedistributionsystemsformsanewtypeofpowersystem,themicrogridIO.Micro

16、gridscanbeconnectedtomainpowernetwork(non-autonomousmode)orbeoperatedis1anded(autonomousmode)inacoordinatedandcontro11edway10.Intheautonomousmode,themicrogridservesthee1ectrica11oadwithoutpowerfromtheuti1ity;basica11ythemicrogridisitsownstand-a1onegrid.Inthenon-autonomousmode,themicrogridproducespowerwhi1einterconnectedtotheuti1itysystem11J.Maintainingofvo1tagesand1oad-frequencycontro1inanautonomousmicrogridissocomp1icatedthannon-a