形容词作后置定语的规律.docx
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1、形容词作后置定语的规律形容词作定语通常要位于所修饰的名词之前,但有时却要位于所修饰的名词之后。主要见于以下情况:(1)形容词短语作定语I know an actor suitable for the part.我认识一个适合扮演这个角色的演员。A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with. 一个如此难以取悦的人一定不好共事。(2)表语形容词作定语He spoke like a man afraid.他说话时像是很害怕似的。The house ablaze is next door to me.那家着火的房子就在我隔壁。(3)形容词
2、修饰不定代词I would like to have something interesting to read.我想找些有趣的东西来读。Anyone intelligent can do it.任何有头脑的人都能做这件事。在以下情况,用作定语的形容词可以后置,也可以前置:(1)以-able和-ible结尾的形容词:可置于前有最高级形容词或0nly等词的名词之后,如:That is the only solution possible.那是唯一可行的解决办法。Please put your idea into the simplest language possible.请用最简单的语言将你的
3、想法说出来。(2)某一成对的形容词Visitors, old and young, were delighted.不管老少,所有的参观者都很高兴。There was a huge cupboard, simple and beautiful.有一个大食橱,简朴而美观。(3)形容词enoughThere is time enough to take care of everything.有时间足以料理一切。We didn,t have time enough to finish the work.我们当时没有足够的时间完成那件工作the+adj.的语法特点1 .复数性“the+形容词”表示一类具
4、有某种特征或特性的人时,通常表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数。如:The rich get richer and the poor get poorer.富者愈富,贫者愈贫。The injured were carried away on stretchers.用担架把受伤的人抬走了。The old are more likely to catch cold than the young.老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。2 .单数性“the+形容词”若表示抽象概念,则表示单数意义,用作主语时,谓语要用单数。如:He doesnt know the right from the wrong.他不
5、辨是非。The unknown is always something to be feared.未知的东西总是一种令人害怕的东西。The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true. 美未必是善,善未必是真。3 .单复性有个别的“the+形容词”结构既表示单数意义,也表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语动词用单数还是复数需视情况而定。如:the good指“好人”时表复数意义,指“善”时表单数意义;the accused指一名被告时表单数意义,指多名被告时表复数意义。比较:The accused was
6、 acquitted of the charge.被告被宣告无罪。(指一人)The accused were acquitted of the charge.被告均被宣告无罪。(指多人)4 .习惯性(1)有的表达带有一定的习惯性,如“病人”习惯说成lhesick,而不说the ilo(2)这类结构习惯上不用于s所有格形式,若语义需要,可考虑用of所有格。如:正:He is interested in the problems of the poor.他对穷人的问题感兴趣。误: He is interested in the poor,s problems.“the+形容词”结构可以省去冠词吗t
7、he +形容词”这类结构中的定冠词通常不能省略,但是以下儿种情况是例外:1 .受数量词语修饰时省略定冠词即其中的形容词受到表示数量的词以及many, more等修饰时;定冠词通常省略。如:Many sick are well cared for in hospitals.许多病人在医院受到良好的照顾。There are more unemployed than ever before.现在失业的人比以往任何时候都多。2 .用于对称结构时省略定冠词即用and或or连接成对称结构时,通常省略定冠词。如:There are opportunities for both rich and poor.穷
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- 形容词 后置 定语 规律
