地质探矿九大法则.docx

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1、地质探矿九大法则J.D.Lowell(1928年生)您是否太迂腐了？看看这些法则吧！它们也许能改变您及勘查实体的命运！简单地说，如果你想获得传说中勘探师和地质师那样的矿床发现，你只需要走出办公室，到野外去钻孔就可以了。这是J.戴维洛威尔（J.Dave Lowell）在他的自传勇敢的探险家全球最成功的找矿发现者中这样说的。J.戴维洛威尔是近百年来全球最成功的矿产勘探学家，他史无前例地找到了17个矿床，其中包括世界最大的矿床（智利埃斯康迪达Escondida铜矿）。他把多年矿产勘探成功的智慧归纳为九大法则。亚利桑那大学Sentinel Peak出版社获准再次隆重发表J.戴维洛威尔的九大法则。J.戴

2、维洛威尔的九大勘探法则如下：1、所谓矿石，就是开采后能获利的石头。低品位矿有时是可采的，而高品位矿有时则是不可采的。2、矿山是在野外找到的，而不是在办公室。3、目前几乎所有的矿山都是通过钻探发现的，如果在勘探预算中缺少了钻探支出安排，就几乎不可能获得成功(Pierina金矿是少有的例外)。4、勘探是一项有关成本和收益的商业活动。我们通常都会使用成本昂贵的高精度岩心钻探，但实际上通常使用低精度低成本的循环钻探就足够了。在阿塔卡玛(沙漠)项目上，我们仅用300万美元开展了大间距的反循环岩粉钻探。如果那时我们使用岩心钻探的话，原来的勘探预算会在打到一半都不到的钻孔时就会耗尽，而这一半多的钻孔正是发现

3、埃斯康迪达（Escondida）和萨尔迪瓦尔（Zaldivar）矿床所必须的。同理，这一逻辑也适用于所有其他勘探支出。5、高科技设备和地球物理方法对于矿山发现几乎没有多大价值。在岩石与成功勘探者之间可能存在着某种超乎寻常的沟通，那就是岩石会向勘探者倾诉。如果你把地质填图这样的工作交给高科技小玩意儿去完成的话，那么表面上看上去你是一个很好的规范管理者，但实际上你是不太可能找到矿的。6、对勘探靶区的深入了解是很重要的，这包括对采矿、选冶、矿山融资和矿业经济等等的了解。你不是在满足某种科学好奇心，而是在寻找可以变成矿山的大体量岩石。我相信，我对矿山工程和矿山生产工作的经验对于我的勘探成功是非常重要的

4、。7、矿产勘探，就像投资开发重要新药一样，成功率是非常低的。在三百至一百多个具吸引力的靶区中只有一个可以变为矿山。你必须接受一个事实，那就是你通常都是错的。我猜仅有不到1/30的训练有素的勘探地质师实际上找到过矿山。然而，一个勘探者如果发现了一处矿山，那么从统计学的角度看，他很可能还会找到其他的矿山。8、找矿是一项高风险的商业活动。除却地质风险外，还有政治风险、金属价格风险、矿山融资风险和勘探者胆怯而无权的管理风险等。成功是所有风险评估均优的总和。9、我最后的忠告，是你从培训手册、课堂或矿业文章中不可能找到的，那就是要无拘无束地去规划你的勘探项目，而不要理睬公司条文、惯例以及与你水平相当的勘探

5、师的指导。Nine rules for exploration success from the worlds best mine finderMichael Allan McCrae October 28, 2015Simply put, you just have to be out of the office, in the field and drilling holes if you want to be making discoveries says legendary explorationist and geologist, Dave Lowell, in his book I

6、ntrepid Explorer The Autobiography of the Worlds Best Mine Finder.Lowellthis past centurys most successful mining explorationist having discovered an unprecedented seventeen ore bodies including the worlds largest copper minedistilled his years of wisdom into nine rules on making discoveries. Reprin

7、t of the nine rules was generously permitted by SentinelPeak, The University of Arizona Press.I have a number of exploration rules that I follow:1. Ore is rock which can mined at a profit. Low grade is sometimes mineable, and high grade is sometimes not.2. Mines are found in the field, not the offic

8、e.3. Mines are now almost always found by drilling holes, so if no part of the budget is spent on drilling there is almost no chance of success. (Pierina was the rare exception.)4. Exploration is a cost/benefit business. Expensive high-precision core drilling is often used when low-precision low-cos

9、t rotary drilling would suffice. In the Atacama Project we spent $3 million on wide-spaced rotary drill holes. If we had used core holes our budget would have run out when less that half the holes were drilled including those that found the Escondida and Zaldivar orebodies. The same logic applies to

10、 all other exploration costs.5. High-tech devices and geophysical surveys are very rarely of value in mine discovery. There should be an almost metaphysical communication between the rocks and the successful explorationist in which the rocks talk to the explorationist. If he turns part of this job o

11、f geological mapping over to a high-tech gadget, he may look good to uniformed management, but he is less likely to find a mine.6. It is important to have a good understanding of the target he is looking for, including understanding some mining engineering, metallurgy, mine finance, and mineral econ

12、omics. He is not looking for a scientific curiosity; he is looking for a mass of rock which can be made into a mine. I believe my mining engineering and mine production work has been very important in my exploration success.7. Mineral exploration, like investing new blockbuster drugs, has a very low

13、 probability of success. Only one out of three hundred to fine hundred attractive targets become a mine. You have to accept the fact that you usually be wrong. Id guess that only one out of thirty well-trained exploration geologists ever actually find a mine. However, if an explorer has found one mi

14、ne, statistically he is likely find others.8.Finding mines is a high-risk business. In addtion to the geological risk are the political risk, the metal price risk, the mine financing risk and the timid, incompetent management risk. Success is the summation of a list of well-evaluated risks.9. My las

15、t facto, which you dont find in training manuals or classroom or mining articles, is the freedom to plan you own exploration project without interference of the company rules or tradition or interference by supervisors who are as good as prospector as you.对九大勘探法则的解读 作者：中铝矿产资源有限公司副总经理王思德J.戴维洛威尔的九大勘探法

16、则看上去很简单，很多人的第一感觉并不是很精准，甚至有的会认为“不尽然吧”，其实这是J.戴维洛威尔根据自身几十年矿产勘查实践与矿业行业无数成功与失败案例凝结而成的，每一条都是那么切中要害和不可逾越，是勘探者必须烂记于心和严格遵循的。我想象不到，作为法则，是否在这九条之外还有可以称为法则的，也想不到在这九条之中有哪一条是不能称为法则的。我相信，在这九条之外，谁也不可能找到更精准的勘探法则了。勘探法则的第一条是对矿石的定义。谁都知道，能赚钱的石头就是矿。但真的每一个勘查地质学家和矿业投资人都明白吗？实际上，有不少的所谓专家毕其一生，也没有弄明白什么是矿，自认为找了许多的矿，其实仍然都是没用的石头。比如钒钛磁铁矿在四川攀枝花，那就是实实在在的宝贝。但是换一个地方，钒钛磁铁矿在非洲、东南亚也有很多，有的