专题10新课学习必修第三册Unit1（语法学习&写作过关） （解析版）.docx

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1、第11讲 新课学习必修第三册UIlitl (语法学习&写作过关)目录 语法导航：学习语法知识写作导航：单元写作记忆12小试牛刀：词句精练+能力提升动名词作定语，表示被修饰词的 某种功能或用途作五h现在分词作定语，它和被修饰词作 了之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动词Wng形式作定语和表语、所修饰词正在进行的动作现在分词作表语，往往具有形容 词的性质，说明主语的性质、特 征和状态等作表语动名词作表语，用于说明主语的 内容，即主语等同于表语 X.V-ing做定语和表语非谓语：1. to do (表目的和将来)2. doing (v-ing)(表主动和正在进行)：现在分词、动名词3. done (v-e

2、d)(表被动和完成)动词-ing形式由“动词原形+ ing”构成。动词-ing形式可在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，但是不能单独作谓语。一.V-ing做表语1 .现在分词做表语(1) The argument is very convincing.(2) . They were very shocked at the news.分词作表语，多表示主语具有的特征和状态。现在分词(doing)作表语，多表示主语具有的特征，常译为令人.；过去分词作表语(done),多表示主语具有的状态，常译为感到.。2 .动名词做表语(1) . Seeing is believing.(2) .

3、Herjob is cleaning the windows of that high building.动名词作表语与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。V-ing做现在分词和动名词的区别：现在分词说明主语的特征；动名词说明主语的内容。因此，动名词作表 语可以和主语互换位置，而现在分词不可以作主语。即学即练单句语法填空It is (amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.(DBuying a car is simply (waste) money.PIeaSe stop making th

4、e noise一it,s getting (annoy).完成句子Ourjob is .我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。【答案 1 I.amazing2.wasting3.annoying4.playmg all kinds of music_二.V-ing做定语1 .V-ing作前置定语相当于形容词动词ing形式作定语的意义 动名词作定语表示名词的性质、特征或用途。 现在分词作定语表示名词的状态：进行、主动。2 .V-ing做后置定语现在分词(doing)短语作定语时，通常做后置定语，其作用相当于定语从句。1 . -ing形式作定语：单个动词的-ing形式作定语，位于被修饰名词的前面,相当于形容

5、词，表示被修饰者的作用和功能，被修 饰者的性质和用途，被修饰者正在进行的动作。-ing形式短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句。2 .-ing形式作表语：可分为现在分词和动名词现在分词可看做形容词，翻译为“使人的”即学即练一.单句语法填空When we got a call (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.【答案】句意：当我们接到电话说她被列入候选名单时，我们以为这是个玩笑。分析句子结构可知，(say) she was Short-IiSted”作call的定语，call和Say之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词-ing形式。

6、The park was full of people, (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.【答案】句意：公园里有很多人，他们在阳光下玩得很开心。分析句子结构可知，“(enjoy) themselves in the SUnShine”作people的定语，people和enjoy之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词-ing形式，表示正 在进行的动作。A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those (want) a good night,s sleep.【答案】句意

7、：对于那些想睡一夜好觉的人来说，睡前喝一杯热牛奶一直是最佳选择。分析句子结构可知， ”(want) a good night,s SIeeP”作those的定语，those和want之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词 -ing形式。二.句型转换The taxi that took us to the airport broke down.The taxi us to the airport broke down.The problem that is being discussed is about food safety.The problem is about food safety.Th

8、e student stayed in the room used for reading for an hour.The student stayed for an hour.That was an experience that frightened everyone.That was.【答案】4.taking5.being discussed6.in the reading room7.a frightening experience三.用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Entering the room, I found Mary (sit) at the desk and playing

9、 computer games.2. Women (look) after small children in this city usually get paid monthly.3. The result of the game was (disappoint).4. I felt someone (pat) me on the shoulder.5. I heard Mr White (sing) in the next door when I passed by.6. The children (practise) playing the violin over there will

10、give a performance next week.7. China is a (develop) country while America is a (develop) country.8. Herjob is (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible.9. The problem that he raised at the meeting was quite (surprise).10. The man (wear) a sad look said, 6Tve lost my wallet. The house (build) for

11、 the old is to be completed next month.12. This hardworking student finally worked out the (puzzle) problem.13. Do you know the boy (play) basketball?14. The man (talk) to my mother is my uncle.15. The stranger (stand) in front of my house caught my attention.【答案】I.sitting2.1ooking3.disappointing4.p

12、atting5.singing6.practising7.developing, developed8.keeping9.surprising10.wearing 1 !.being built 12.puzzling 13.playing 14.talking 15.standing四.完成句子1. The building is our teaching building.(build)正在建造的那座大楼是我们的教学楼。2. I don,t think her joke is at all.(amuse)我认为她的玩笑一点也不好笑。3. They lived in a house .(fa

13、ce)他们住在一个面向大海的房子里。4. she worked even harder.(follow)在接下来的几年中，她学习更努力了。5. What he likes most is .(play jokes On)他最喜欢的是取笑别人。6. Who is the boy ? (Stand)站在那儿的男孩是谁？7. He was an (inspire)他是一个鼓舞人心的领导。8. His brother, , lives in Beijing.(work as)他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。9. The boys are my classmates.聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。10.

14、 The furniture in a large shopping center comes in a variety of colors and shapes, and from round to square.大型超市里的家具有各种颜色和形状，从黑色到白色，从圆形到方形。【答案】1 .being built2.amusing3.facing the sea4.In the following years5.playing jokes on others6.inspiring leader_7.inspiring leader8.working as a teacher9.gatherin

15、g at the school gatel.ranging from black to white叙事类记叙文的写作叙事类记叙文以叙述事件为主，突出事件的发生、发展和结果。在写这类记叙文时要注意其常用的篇章结 构和写作技巧。【篇章结构】1 .开篇：文章开篇交代事件的背景时间(When)、地点(Where)、人物(Who)、事件的起因(Why)、经过(how)和结果(What)尊2 .主体：重在叙述事件的发生、发展以及结果，可分若干段落来写。3 .结尾：呼应标题，发表感想、愿望等。【写作技巧】1 .标题：明确、鲜明，指明事件或主题。2 .线索：清晰。可以以时间变化、地点转换和事件发展为线索。3 .写作顺序：通常采用顺叙的方式，也可根据实际需要采用倒叙、插叙等方式。4 .写作手法：以叙述和描写为主，叙述交代事件发展，描写刻画人物形象。5 .过渡：描述时间变化、地点转换、事件发展时要用适当的过渡词，使结构紧凑。6 .人称：第一人称(给人以亲切感、真实感)；第三人称(显得比较客观)。7 .时态：一般过去时为主，可根据需要适当使用其他时态。黄金模板（开篇：陈述基本信息）It is! I ex