考点8 阅读理解之举例说明（原卷版）.docx

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1、考点8阅读理解之举例说明Partl题型详解：举例说明题属于“推理判断”类中的一种，通常是对说明方法之举例的考查，预测2024年高考中仍会出 现Part 2常见设问方式：1. The author mentions. to show that.2. .are mentioned in the passage to .3. Why.is mentioned in the passage?4. What did the author want to show by mentioning.?Part 3解题方法指导：1 .根据题干关键词定位原文位置，但要注意示例信息和例子所证明信息的区别。2 .寻找示

2、例前后的关键性、论述性句子Part 4真题检测2023年新课标全国I卷英语真题When John Tbdd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, ObSerVing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John st

3、arted to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria （细菌）？ Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causi

4、ng chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge （污泥）.First, he constructed a serie

5、s of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few we

6、eks, John added the sludge.He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse like

7、 facility that treated sewage （污水）from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.t4EcologicaI design“ is the name John gives to what he does. tLife on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor/* he says. uY

8、ou put organisms in new relationships and observe what,s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to Self-repair.”3. What is the author,s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?A. To review John,s research plans.B. To show an application of Johns idea.C. To compare Johns different jobs

9、.D. To erase doubts about John,s invention.2023年新课标全国II卷英语真题As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If youre lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it,s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wil

10、d.Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summa

11、ry online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding （编码）experiences into different categories. For example, one participant experience of iiWe sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while“ was assigned the categori

12、es “sitting at beach and 44Iistening to waves.”Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a t4nature language began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlif

13、e, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water

14、 might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.Were trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back

15、 into our daily lives. And for that to happen, wc also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,“ said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.7. What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5?A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.B. Young people are too busy to

16、 interact with nature.C. The same nature experience takes different forms.D. The nature language enhances work performance.2023年全国乙卷英语真题If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is o