考点11 阅读理解之写作意图（原卷版）.docx

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1、考点11阅读理解之写作意图Part 1题型详解：推理判断写作目的和意图考点是高考中的必考点。一篇发表的文章总有其作者的写作目的和用意，做 这类题时，要站在作者的角度上看问题。预测在2024高考中，目的和意图会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。Part 2常见设问方式：1. What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?2. The purpose of the text is to.3. The fact.is mentioned by the author to show.4. The author writers the . par

2、agraph to.Part 3解题方法指导：1 .关注文章体裁，理解文章写作手法。2 .理解作者的词句选择和语气。Part 4真题检测：2023年北京卷英语真题In recent years, researchers from diverse fields have agreed that short-termism is now a significant problem in industrialised societies. The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of

3、 the world,s most serious problems: climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. The historian Francis Cole argues that the West has entered a period where only the present exists, a present characterised at once by the cnclty of the instant and by the boredom of an unending now”.It has been pro

4、ved that people have a bias （偏向）towards the present, focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health, well-being and nancial stability of their future selves or community. In business, this bias surfaces as short-sighted decisions. And on slow-burning problems like climate ch

5、ange, it translates into the unwillingness to make small sacrifices （牺牲）today that could make a major difference tomorrow. Instead, all that matters is next quarters profit, or satisfying some other near-term desires.These biased perspectives cannot be blamed on one single cause. It is fair to say,

6、though, that our psychological biases play a major role. Peoples hesitancy to delay satisfaction is the most obvious example, but there are others. One of them is about how the most accessible information in the present affects decisions about the future. For instance, you might hear someone say: It

7、s cold this winter, so I needn,t worry about global wanning.,Another is that loud and urgent matters are given too much importance, making people ignore longer-term trends that arguably matter more. This is when a pop star draws far more attention than, say, gradual biodiversity decline.As a psychol

8、ogist once joked, if aliens （外星人）wanted to weaken humanity, they wouldnt send ships; they would invent climate change. Indeed, when it comes to environmental transformations, we can develop a form of collective t4poor memory, and each new generation can believe the state of affairs they encounter is

9、 nothing out of the ordinary. Older people today, for example, can remember a time with insect-covered car windscreens after long drives. Children, on the other hand, have no idea that insect population has dropped dramatically.3 . What does the author intend to tell us?A. Far-sighted thinking matte

10、rs to humans.B. Humans tend to make long-term sacrifices.C. Current policies facilitate future decision-making.D. Bias towards the present helps reduce near-term desires.2022年6月普通高等学校招生全国统考试（浙江卷）英语试题All around the world, there are small changes taking place. At the side of roads, behind school playg

11、rounds and on all kinds of unloved pieces of land across towns and cities, tiny forests barely the size of tennis courts are appearing, making a great place for both wildlife and local people who may not normally have easy access to nature. This is the Tiny Forest movement, which aims to prove that

12、the best things in life really do come in small packages.Tiny forests were first pioneered as a concept in （he 1970s by Dr Miyawaki, a Japanese botanist. As he went on to share his concept with others, the idea soon took off in India and other countries before eventually reaching Europe, where it be

13、came popular in places like France, Belgium and the Netherlands.So how does it work? Louise Hartley, who is leading the Tiny Forest project in the UK, explains that the process begins by identifying areas in which a tiny forest could have the biggest influence. uWe focus on urban areas where access

14、to nature is often not that easy”, says Hartley. We see it as a chance to try to break the growing disconnect between people and nature.”In a Tiny Forest, there must be a minimum of 600 trees, and the trees are planted much closer together and without chemicals or fertilisers （肥料）.There are usually

15、around 30 different kinds of all-native tree species （物种）. This variety, coupled with the fact that tiny forests grow up to ten times faster than standard forests, means they attract a rich abundance of wildlife. Its also thought that these places could help reduce the risk of flooding, remove carbo

16、n from the atmosphere and fight climate change, as well as improving the mental health of those living locally.5. What is the purpose of the project led by Hartley in the UK?A. To promote eco-tourism.B. Tb improve forestry research.C. To popularise gardening.D. Tb get people close to nature.2022年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语试题Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success, but research has found