高中英语100个易错知识点.docx

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1、一、名词考试中，大家常把握不好名词的数、所有格以及一些集合名词的用法。1. He gave me a very good advice yesterday.【解析】句中的a要去掉，因为advice是不可数名词。一些汉语概念为可数的词在英语中却是不可数的，表示数量时在其前加a piece of，类似的词有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, furniture, information等等。2.That girl loves reading book.【解析】可数名词单数不能孤零零地放在句子里，或前面加冠词，或将其变为复数。此处最好变为books。3.He went

2、 into a books shop and bought a dictionary.【解析】一般表示有生命的东西的名词的所有格用s，如my mothers car, 而此处适宜用名词修饰名词，改为a book shop。4. My family is watching TV.【解析】一些集合名词如看成一个整体，则用单数的谓语动词，如My family is a happy one；如强调集合中每个个体的个人行为，则用复数的谓语动词。此处看电视是个体行为，应把is改为are。类似的词有：team, class, audience等。5.I bought some potatos and tom

3、atos at the supermarket.【解析】中学阶段以o结尾的名词中有四个词变复数时要加es，它们是tomato, potato, Negro, hero; 其余的都加s变为复数。6. This has nothing to do with their believes.(这和他们的信仰没关系。)【解析】以f, fe 结尾的词变为复数时一般去f, fe 加ves，如knifeknives, thiefthieves; 而roof 和belief直接加s变为复数。所以应把believes改为beliefs。二、冠词7. The boss wants to hire an useful

4、 person.【解析】用a还是an，取决于后面单词的第一个音标，如为元音用an，为辅音用a。useful的第一个音是辅音，所以应把an改为a。类似的，我们说a European country。8.Plane is a machine that can fly.【解析】Plane为可数名词单数，不能单独放在句中，应在其前加冠词或把它变为复数，而本句后有a machine, 因此只能在其前面加a，变为A plane。9.He played a piano at the party yesterday.【解析】把a改为the，因为乐器前用定冠词。10.The machine was invent

5、ed in 1920s.【解析】在in后加the，因为表示年代用in加the再加几十的复数，如在八十年代in the 80s。11.Xiao Hong went to school by the bus every day.【解析】去掉the，因为表示交通方式用by直接加交通工具。三、代词使用代词时请注意其单、复数，主、宾格以及形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。12. He is one of those speakers who make his ideas perfectly clear.【解析】定语从句的先行词是those speakers，为复数，因此从句中的指示代词应为复数，应

6、把his改为their。13. Whom do you think has left the lights on？【解析】放在疑问句特殊疑问词后的do you think / believe / guess / imagine / suppose等都不参与句子成分，把它们去掉后，疑问词在句中作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格。本句中去掉do you think后缺的是主语，应把Whom改为Who。14.The boss pretended not to see John and I.【解析】John和I在句中都是作宾语，应把 I 改为me。15.These books are mine; those

7、in the bag are her.【解析】Her是形容词性物主代词，后面应该加名词books，或把her改为hers。四、数词16.There are fourteen hundreds students in our school.【解析】Hundred / thousand / million / score/ dozen等词前有具体数字时后不加s，前面没有具体数字时在其后加s 和of，表示大约几百几千的概念。如 two hundred students(两百个学生)，hundreds of students(成百上千个学生)。例句中应把hundreds 改为hundred。17.Th

8、eir school is twice as larger as our school.【解析】表倍数关系的as . as中间只能用形容词或副词的原级。因此把larger改为large。18.Todays homework is a five-hundred-words composition.【解析】几个单词由连字符连接而组成的复合形容词中的名词只能用单数，所以把five-hundred-words改为five-hundred-word。19.Two third of the students in our school are from America.【解析】英语表达中分数的分子用基数词

9、，分母用序数词，分子大于一时分母后要加s，所以就把third 改为thirds。五、形容词和副词形容词和副词容易被误用，形容词和副词的比较级和最高级也是应注意的重点。20. The patient appeared nervously when he talked to the doctor.【解析】appear在此是个系动词，其后应接形容词作表语。所以把nervously改为nervous。21.The artist worked hardly to finish his drawings on time.【解析】此句需要一个副词来修饰，hardly是副词，但意为几乎不，hard 也可以是副

10、词，表努力，因此把 hardly 改为hard。22.This shirt is more cheaper than that one.【解析】more只构成比较级，而不能修饰比较级。因此把more去掉。23.He is the most successful of the two businessmen.【解析】两者相比较时，比较级前用定冠词，三者或三者以上才用most，因此把most改为more。24.He works less harder than he used to.【解析】表不如时用less加上形容词和副词的原级，因此把harder改为hard。25.The book is fa

11、irly more interesting than that one.【解析】fairly只能修饰形容词和副词的原级，可以修饰比较级的副词或短语有：much, even, still, far, a lot, a little, a bit, any, no, by far, rather等，因此把fairly改为rather。26.This is as an interesting a story as the one in the magazine.【解析】as as中间的词序是as加上形容词加上a(n)加上名词再加上as，因此应改为as interesting a story as t

12、he one。27.The weather here is nicer than Xizang.【解析】同样的事物才能相比较，weather和Xizang不具有可比性，因此应改为The weather here is nicer than that of Xizang.28. You shouldnt stand too closely to him.【解析】有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以形容词-ly构成，但他们有不同的含义。close靠近、挨近；closely紧密地，紧紧地。29.I would rather take a train than went by bus.【解析】

13、这个词组为would rather do than do ，因此把went改为go。30.Is there interesting anything at the meeting?【解析】修饰anything, something, everything, nothing的形容词都要放在它们的后面。31.I never have seen such a person before.【解析】像never之类的副词在句中应放在be动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。因为应改为I have never seen such a person before.32.The book is worth to b

14、e read.【解析】be worth doing 意为值得被做。因此改为The book is worth reading.33.It is sure that he will succeed.【解析】sure 的主语只能为人，而certain的主语可为人和物。因此把sure改为certain。34.He is regarded as one of the best alive writers at present.【解析】alive为表语形容词，偶尔也作后置定语。因此把alive改为living，或把alive放在writers后面。35.I dont know that he has f

15、inished the work yet.【解析】yet 用于否定和疑问句，already用于肯定句。把yet 改为already。36.He said nearly nothing at the meeting.【解析】nearly 不与否定词用在同一个句子中，而almost可以。因此把nearly 改为almost。六、介词37.He usually goes to school by his fathers car.【解析】by加上名词表示一种交通方式，中间什么都不加，如by car, by bus, by plane等；如果名词前有其他的词修饰，则应除by以外的其他介词，此处把by改为in。38.Please wait me at the school gate.【解析】wait为不及物动词，需加介词for后才能再跟名词或代词作宾语。39.He has been married with Betty for more than twenty years.【解析】marry不跟 with连用，应把wit