高中英语45个高频词的一词多义和固定搭配.docx

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1、1. costThe ticket cost me ten dollars.（此句中cost用作及物动词,意为“花费”,这是cost的常用法之一。）The cost of living is much higher now than it was two years ago. （此句中cost用作名词,意为“价格,成本,费用”,这是它的常用法之二。）cost除了以上用法外,还有其它用法。如: Has this project been costed? (cost用作及物动词,意为“估价,估计成本”。) I must get the book at all costs. (at all cost

2、s意为“无论如何,不惜任何代价”。) She saved him from drowning, but at the cost of her own life. (at the cost of sth.意为“以牺牲某事物为代价”。)2. dealTeachers should deal fairly with their pupils. （此句中deal用作不及物动词,常和with连用,意为“对待”,这是deal的常用法。）deal还有其它用法。如:She spent a good deal of money on new clothes. (a good deal of意为“很多,大量”后接

3、不可数名词。)We tried to make sure everyone got a fair deal. (a fair deal意为“公平的待遇”。)My bank deals in stocks and shares now. (deal in意为“经营”。)The teacher dealt out the test papers to the students. (deal out意为“分发”。)3. interestinterest在教材中的意思为“兴趣”和“使感兴趣”,分别作名词和动词用。The money I borrowed from him was repaid with

4、 interest.What he did was just to protect his own interests.上面句子中的两个interest都作名词用。作“利息”讲时,为不可数名词;作“利益,好处”讲时,多用复数形式。第一句可译为“我向他借的那笔钱是带息偿还的。”;第二句可译为“他所做的一切仅仅是为了保护他自己的利益。”4. driveCan you drive a car? (drive用作动词,意思为“开车,驾驶”,是教材中的第一种用法。)Lets go for a drive in the country. (drive用作名词,意思为“驱车旅行”,是教材中的第二种用法。)除

5、了以上用法外, drive还有其它用法。如：The workers carried on a drive for greater efficiency last month. (drive用作名词,意思为“运动”。)There are three buses parked on the drive. (drive用作名词,意思为“车道”。)Poverty drove the little boy to steal. (drive用作动词,意思为“驱使”。)Im sure that Ive driven my opinion home.(drive sth. home意思为“把讲透彻,使充分理解

6、”。)Please drive the dog away. (drive sb./sth. away意思为“把赶跑”。)5. join v.& n.What club do you want to join?（此句中的join是及物动词,意为“加入,参加”,这是其最常见的用法。）另外它还有其它用法。如:The two rivers join at the bridge.(此句中的join是不及物动词,意为“会合,联合,相遇”。)The two pieces were stuck together so well that we could hardly see the join.(此句中的jo

7、in是名词,意为“连接处,接缝”。)6. dreamdream在教材中有两种用法:用作动词时意思为“做梦,梦到”;用作名词时意思为“梦想,幻想”。dream除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。如：Her new dress is an absolute dream. (dream用作名词,意思为“美丽或美好的人或事物”。)My aunts wedding ceremony went like a dream. (go like a dream是固定短语,意思为“非常顺利,完美”。)7. knowIve known David for 20 years.I hope we have taught

8、our children to know right from wrong.The old man has known both poverty and wealth.know在教材中的意思为“知道,了解”,作动词用。在上面的三个句子中, know都作动词用,第一个know的意思为“认识”;第二个know的意思为“区分”;第三个know的意思为“亲身经历”。8. failIf you dont work hard, you may fail.（此句中fail意为“失败;不及格,没有通过考试”。）fail还有其它用法。如: He never fails to write to his mothe

9、r every week.(fail意为“忘记、忽视或未能做某事”。) She has been failing in health.(fail in意为“(健康状况)衰退”。) His friends failed him when he most needed them.(fail意为“使失望, 辜负”。) I had three passes and one fail.(fail用作名词,意为“考试不及格”。) Ill be there at two oclock without fail.(without fail意为“肯定,一定,必定”。)9. leadlead在教材中有两种用法:用

10、作动词时意思为“引导,领导”;用作形容词时意思为“领导的,领先的,带领的”。除了教材中的用法外,lead还有以下几种用法。如：Which road leads to the mountain? (lead用作动词,意思为“通向,通往”。)My grandmother is leading a quiet life in the countryside. (lead用作动词,意思为“过某种生活”。)Not having a balanced diet can lead to health problems. (lead用作动词,意思为“导致”。)Her brother took the lead

11、 in the high jump. (lead用作名词,意思为“领先地位”。)In this new film, she is the lead. (lead用作名词,意思为“主角”。)10. fallThe leaves fall in autumn. （此句中fall用作动词,意为“落下,下降”,这是其常用法。）fall还有其它用法。如:I had a fall and broke my arm. (fall用作名词,意为“跌落,掉下,降落”。)Our holiday plans fell through because of bad weather. (fall through 意为“

12、落空,未能实现,成为泡影”。)My car is falling apart. (fall apart意为“破裂,破碎,散架”。)We fell about (laughing) when we heard the joke. (fall about意为“无法控制地大笑”。)Sam, please fall back on old friends in time of need. (fall back on意为“求助于,退到”。)11. lowThe sun is low in the sky. （此句中low用作形容词,意为“低的,矮的”,这是low的常用法。）low还有其它用法。如: Sh

13、es been feeling rather low since her illness. (low用作形容词,意为“消沉的”。) The simplest way to succeed in business is to buy low and sell high. (low用作副词,意为“低价地,廉价地”。) The gas is running low. (run low意为“几乎耗尽”。)12. blindShe is blind in the left eye. （此句中blind用作形容词,意为“瞎的,盲人的”,这是blind的常用法。）blind还有其它用法。如: The bli

14、nds were drawn to protect the new furniture from the sun. (blind用作名词,意为“窗帘,遮光物”。) The soldier was blinded in the explosion. (blind用作动词,意为“使失明”。) This is a blind letter. (blind letter意为“因地址写得不清而无法投寄的信件”。) He turned a blind eye to her mistakes. (turn a blind eye to意为“对熟视无睹”。) Hes blind as a bat withou

15、t his glasses. (blind as a bat意为“完全看不见东西的”。)13. film大家都很熟悉film作名词时有“电影”的意思。除此之外film还有其它的意思。如：I put a new roll of film in my camera. (film在此句中作名词,意思为“胶卷,胶片”。)It took them nearly a year to film this TV series. (film在此句中作动词,意思为“拍摄”。)14. landThe pilot landed the plane safely in the heavy snow. （此句中的land

16、用作及物动词,意为“使着陆”,这是land的常用法之一。）The journey to the far side of the island is quicker by land than by sea. （此句中的land用作名词,意为“陆地,大地”,这是land的常用法之二。）除了以上用法外,land还有其它用法。如: Many farmers are leaving the land to work in industry. (the land意为“农村,农业”。) The car will land you there in twenty minutes.(land用作动词,意为“使到达,把送到某地”。) Hes really landed himself in it this time. (land sb. / oneself in sth. 意为“使某人